Biotic and abiotic stresses constraining productivity of cool season food legumes in Asia, Africa and Oceania

Johansen, C.; Baldev, B.; Brouwer, J. B.; Erskine, William; Jermyn, W. A.; Li-Juan, L.; Malik, B. A.; Miah, A. Ahad; Silim, S. N.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0798-3_9

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Drought is considered the major abiotic stress in many parts of the world (Johansen et al, 1994;Malhotra et al, 2004) and is responsible for heavy production losses in cool-season food legumes (Saxena, 1993;Singh et al, 1994;Subbarao et al, 1995). Some losses are due to intermittent drought during the vegetative phase while others are due to terminal drought during reproductive development Singh et al, 1997a;Serraj et al, 2004b).…”

Section: Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

et al. 2006

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The adaptability and productivity of cool-season food legumes (chickpea, faba bean, lentil, pea) are limited by major abiotic stresses including drought, heat, frost, chilling, waterlogging, salinity and mineral toxicities. The severity of these stresses is unpredictable in field experiments, so field trials are increasingly supplemented with controlledenvironment testing and physiological screening. For drought testing, irrigation is used in dry fields and rain-out shelters in damp ones. Carbon isotope discrimination ( 13 C) is a well-established screen for drought tolerance in C3 cereal crops which is now being validated for use in grain legumes, but it is relatively expensive per sample and more economical methods include stomatal conductance and canopy temperature. Chickpea lines ICC4958 and FLIP87-59C and faba bean line ILB938 have demonstrated good drought tolerance parameters in different experiments. For frost tolerance, an efficient controlled-environment procedure involves exposing hardened pot-grown plants to subzero temperatures. Faba beans Cote d'Or and BPL4628 as well as lentil ILL5865 have demonstrated good freezing tolerance in such tests. Chilling-tolerance tests are more commonly conducted in the field and lentil line ILL1878 as well as derivatives of interspecific crosses between chickpea and its wild relatives have repeatedly shown good results. The timing of chilling is particularly important as temperatures which are not lethal to the plant can greatly disrupt fertilization of flowers. Salinity response can be determined using hydroponic methods with a sand or gravel substrate and rapid, efficient scoring is based on leaf symptoms. Many lines of chickpea, faba bean and lentil have shown good salinity tolerance in a single article but none has become a benchmark. Waterlogging tolerance can be evaluated using paired hydroponic systems, one oxygenated and the other de-oxygenated. The development of lysigenous cavities or aerenchyma in roots, common in warm-season legumes, is reported in pea and lentil but is not well established in chickpea or faba bean. Many stresses are associated with oxidative damage leading to changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, membrane stability and peroxidase levels. An additional factor relevant to the legumes is the response of the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the stress.

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Section: Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

et al. 2006

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“…Ascochyta blight caused by A. lentis is problematic to various degrees in all lentil growing regions of the world, but especially damaging in Canada , Australia and Middle Eastern countries (Johansen et al, 1994). Symptoms of Ascochyta blight include lesions on all above ground parts of the plant, stem girdling, pod and seed lesions and resistance has been found in the germplasm (Andrahennadi et al, 1996) Stemphylium blight is a major threat to lentil in South Asia and North America (ICARDA, 2004;Vandenberg: Personal communication).…”

Section: Biotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of biotechnology in breeding lentil for resistance to biotic and abiotic stress

et al. 2006

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“…Drought is a major abiotic stress in many parts of the world (Johansen et al 1994). There is an urgent need for developing high yielding drought resistant cultivars that use water efficiently, reduce dependence on irrigation water and associated production costs, increase and stabilize yield in drought-prone environments, and increase profit margins for producers (Muñoz-Perea et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New genetic sources of resistance in the genus Phaseolus to individual and combined aluminium toxicity and progressive soil drying stresses

et al. 2011

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Bean species and genotypes show wide phenotypic variability in relation to aluminium (Al) resistance and progressive soil drying. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize sources of resistance to Al toxicity and progressive soil drying among six genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), four of runner bean (P. coccineus), and one of tepary bean (P. acutifolius), using hydroponic and soil cylinder screening methods. One experiment on hydroponic screening of Al resistance was carried out using a basal nutrient solution with and without 20 lM Al. Two experiments were carried out using two oxisols in 80 cm long soil cylinders with high Al (HAl) and low Al (LAl) saturation treatments. The three experiments showed an average of 36.9-53.5% inhibition of root growth with HAl compared with LAl treatments. Differences in root development and distribution were observed among genotypes and species. Two accessions of P. coccineus (G35346-2Q, G35464-5Q) and one Andean common bean genotype (ICA Quimbaya) were outstanding in root and shoot growth in the HAl treatments. P. coccineus accession (G35346-3Q) was outstanding under combined stress of Al-toxic acid soil and progressive soil drying. Accessions of P. coccineus may represent unique sources of Al resistance for the improvement of common bean through interspecific crosses.

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Biotic and abiotic stresses constraining productivity of cool season food legumes in Asia, Africa and Oceania

Cited by 37 publications

References 3 publications

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to abiotic stresses in cool-season food legumes

Application of biotechnology in breeding lentil for resistance to biotic and abiotic stress

New genetic sources of resistance in the genus Phaseolus to individual and combined aluminium toxicity and progressive soil drying stresses

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