Biotechnology of enzymes from cold-adapted microorganisms

Ohgiya, Satoru; Hashizume, Tamotsu; Okuyama, Hidetoshi; Tanaka, Shigenobu; Ishizaki, Kōzō

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-58607-1_2

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…An increasing interest in extremophilic microorganisms in recent years (Horikoshi and Grant 1998;Madigan and Marrs 1997) has led to a better understanding of the basic biology and biochemistry of all groups of extremophiles, including the psychrophiles (Brenchley 1996;Guonot 1991;Ohgiya et al 1999). In this connection, strain ANT.BR could be an interesting model phototroph for the study of how pigment-protein complexes are constructed so as to function optimally in photosynthesis at low temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Rhodoferax antarcticus sp. nov., a moderately psychrophilic purple nonsulfur bacterium isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat

Madigan

Jung

Woese

et al. 2000

Archives of Microbiology

117

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A new species of purple nonsulfur bacteria isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat is described. The organism, designated strain ANT.BR, was mildly psychrophilic, growing optimally at 15-18 degrees C with a growth temperature range of 0-25 degrees C. Cells of strain ANT.BR were highly motile curved rods and spirals, contained bacteriochlorophyll a, and showed a multicomponent in vivo absorption spectrum. A specific phylogenetic relationship was observed between strain ANT.BR and the purple bacterium Rhodoferax fermentans FR2T, and the two organisms shared several physiological and other phenotypic properties, with the notable exception of growth temperature optimum. Tests of genomic DNA hybridization, however, showed Rfx. fermentans FR2T and strain ANT.BR to be genetically distinct bacteria. Because of its unique set of properties, especially its requirement for low growth temperatures, we propose to recognize strain ANT.BR as a new species of the genus Rhodoferax, Rhodoferax antarcticus, named for its known habitat, the Antarctic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…5) showed that the genomes of these two organisms share low sequence similarity. Although speculative, it is likely that at least some of this genomic heterogeneity is due to the need for strain ANT.BR to encode cold-functional proteins and related macromolecules, common in psychrophilic prokaryotes (Brenchley 1996;Ohgiya et al 1999). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rhodoferax antarcticus sp. nov., a moderately psychrophilic purple nonsulfur bacterium isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat

Madigan

Jung

Woese

et al. 2000

Archives of Microbiology

117

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“…During the past decade it has been recognized that cold‐adapted micro‐organisms provide a large biotechnological potential, offering numerous economical and ecological advantages over the use of organisms and their enzymes which operate at higher temperatures (Ohgiya et al. 1999; Margesin et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the past decade it has been recognized that coldadapted micro-organisms provide a large biotechnological potential, offering numerous economical and ecological advantages over the use of organisms and their enzymes which operate at higher temperatures (Ohgiya et al 1999;Margesin et al 2002a). Cold-active enzymes are characterized by high catalytic efficiency at low and moderate temperatures at which homologous mesophilic enzymes are less or not active, and are thermolabile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of cold-active pectate lyases from psychrophilic Mrakia frigida

Margesin¹,

Fauster²,

Fonteyne

2005

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aims: This study was conducted to determine optimal conditions for pectate lyase (PL) production by two psychrophilic yeast strains and to compare the properties of the cold-active enzymes using mesophilic PL as reference enzyme. Methods and Results: Two psychrophilic yeasts isolated from remote geographical locations (European Alps, north Siberia) produced extracellular cold-active PL. Both strains were identified as Mrakia frigida by analysis of ITS and large subunit (LSU) rRNA sequences. Maximum enzyme production occurred at a cultivation temperature of 1 or 5°C. The apparent optimum for enzyme activity was observed at 30°C and pH 8AE5-9. The enzymes were thermolabile, but were resistant to repeated freezing and thawing. Conclusion: We describe for the first time alkaline PL-producing representatives of the yeast species M. frigida. The two strains produce cold-active PL with similar properties, but have a different enzyme production pattern. Significance and Impact of the Study: The enzymes described in this study could be useful for a wide range of applications, such as low-temperature pretreatment of wastewater containing pectic substances.

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“…The major current application field is in the detergent industry. Other application areas are the pharmaceutical and food industries (reviewed by Ohgiya et al 1999;Cavicchioli et al 2002).…”

Section: Enzyme Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold-loving microbes, plants, and animals—fundamental and applied aspects

Margesin¹,

Neuner²,

Storey

2006

Naturwissenschaften

207

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Microorganisms, plants, and animals have successfully colonized cold environments, which represent the majority of the biosphere on Earth. They have evolved special mechanisms to overcome the life-endangering influence of low temperature and to survive freezing. Cold adaptation includes a complex range of structural and functional adaptations at the level of all cellular constituents, such as membranes, proteins, metabolic activity, and mechanisms to avoid the destructive effect of intracellular ice formation. These strategies offer multiple biotechnological applications of cold-adapted organisms and/or their products in various fields. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of microorganisms, plants, and animals to cope with the cold and the resulting biotechnological perspectives.

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Biotechnology of enzymes from cold-adapted microorganisms

Cited by 28 publications

References 70 publications

Rhodoferax antarcticus sp. nov., a moderately psychrophilic purple nonsulfur bacterium isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat

Rhodoferax antarcticus sp. nov., a moderately psychrophilic purple nonsulfur bacterium isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat

Characterization of cold-active pectate lyases from psychrophilic Mrakia frigida

Cold-loving microbes, plants, and animals—fundamental and applied aspects

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