Biotechnology in Aquaculture, with Special Reference to Transgenic Salmon

Abstract

Almost 10% of the fish consumed in the world are produced by aquaculture. This regular supply of cultured fish is important to the food industry (Slinde, 1992). The aquaculture industry is expanding at a rapid pace. much of this growth coming from the increasing culture of salmonid species. Since its inception in the 1970s, the production of cultured salmon has grown to over 250 OW tons. The red colour, high quality, uniform size (approximately 4 kg) and year-round availability give cultured salmon its marketing appeal. Salmon represent a valuable source of 01-3 and w-6 fatty acids. which may prevent 'lifestyle diseases' (Skjervold. 1992), and increased consumption of fish is recommended. AQUACULTURE OF SALMONAs an anadromous species. Atlantic salmon (So/no salar) spends the juvenile part of its lifecycle in fresh water, migrates to the sea where the major growth phase occurs, and returns to spawn in the freshwater stream where it was born. Spawning occurs in the brisk currents of shallow cold waters. The female deposits eggs into an indentation in the river bed, and the male releases sperm over the eggs. In aquaculture. a broodstock is kept for production of eggs and sperm. A few months after fertilization. the fry hatches and 'start-feeding' commences (Figure I). The fingerlings grow until

Transgenic Mouse Technology: Principles and Methods

“…There are several ready-to-use practical manuals and reference books that describe various aspects of transgenic and knockout mouse technologies (2, 14, 45). Finally, species other than mouse have also been successfully used for transgenesis including chicken (46, 47), cow (48–50), fish (salmon and zebra fish) (51–54), frog (55, 56), goat (57–59), sheep (50, 60), pig (61, 62), rabbit (63–65), rat and monkey (67, 68). However, several methodological refinements are ongoing in several laboratories to routinely achieve transgenesis in species other than rodents.…”