Biotechnology: Genetic improvement of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Maqbool, Shahina; Devi, Prathibha; Sticklen, Mariam B.

doi:10.1007/s11627-001-0089-8

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…Hormones and growth regulators play a key role in determining the conversion of somatic cells to embryogenic tissues [72]. The tissue culture techniques have been successfully implemented in diverse types of plants including cereals [73,74], legumes [75], vegetables [76,77], oil plants [78], fruits [79], trees [80], and forestry [81]. Tissue culture also enables to rescue and utilize desirable properties of endangered plant species [79,82].…”

Section: Plant Cell and Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Food Production in Africa by Boosting the Productivity of Understudied Crops

Tadele

Assefa

2012

Agronomy

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Abstract:The Green Revolution has enabled Asian countries to boost their crop production enormously. However, Africa has not benefitted from this agricultural revolution since it did not consider local, but important crops grown in the continent. In addition to their versatile adaptation to extreme environmental conditions, African indigenous crops provide income for subsistence farmers and serve as staple food for the vast majority of low-income consumers. These crops, which are composed of cereals, legumes, vegetables and root crops, are commonly known as underutilized or orphan crops. Recently, some of these under-researched crops have received the attention of the national and international research community, and modern improvement techniques including diverse genetic and genomic tools have been applied in order to boost their productivity. The major bottlenecks affecting the productivity of these crops are unimproved genetic traits such as low yield and poor nutritional status and environmental factors such as drought, weeds and pests. Hence, an agricultural revolution is needed to increase food production of these under-researched crops in order to feed the ever-increasing population in Africa. Here, we present both the benefits and drawbacks of major African crops, the efforts being made to improve them, and suggestions for some future directions.

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Section: Plant Cell and Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Food Production in Africa by Boosting the Productivity of Understudied Crops

Tadele

Assefa

2012

Agronomy

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“…Pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoideum) is the most widely grown type of millet because of its tolerance to difficult growing conditions such as drought, low soil fertility and high temperature, areas where other cereal crops, such as maize (Zea mays) or wheat (Triticum aestivum), would not survive (Maqbool et al, 2001). It is widely grown as a multi-purpose cereal grain crop principally for food, and also for feed, fodder, fuel and mulch on more than 26 million hectares, primarily in arid and semi-arid regions of India and Africa (FAO, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analysis of nutritional diversity of selected macro and micro nutrients in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) varieties

Felix¹,

Kimurto²,

Ombui³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Food Sci.

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Analysis on economically viable indigenous food cereals like pearl millet as alternative strategies to curb under nutrition and boost food security is of utmost importance to widen the essential nutrient sources for human beings. To contribute to this area, macro and micro nutrient analysis was carried out on 60 pearl millet genotypes. On each of the genotype, 7 biochemical parameters (starch, amylose, amylopectin, protein, K, Zn and P) were analyzed. Starch content of the genotypes ranged from 27 -46.7% with a mean of 34.2%, while most of the genotypes had more amylopectin than amylose with exceptions of a few varieties with a ratio of 2:1. The protein content had a range of 4.6 -9.9% with a mean of 7.1%. Zinc was among the highest level followed by phosphorous and finally potassium. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first four PCA contributed to 79.8% of the variability among the pearl millet varieties. Cluster analysis grouped data into 6 clusters and a singleton with a genetic distance 0.37 -8.73 showing great variability. Biochemical traits are useful tool for determining genetic variability in pearl millet and can contribute to breeding programs and enhance food security.

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“…The tropics are characterized by unpredictable weather, limited and erratic rainfall and nutrient-poor soils and suffered from a host of agricultural constraints (Maqbool et al, 2001;Sharma and Ortiz, 2000). Pursuing this further, Sharme et al (2002) highlighted that there is an urgent need to focus on improving crops relevant to the smallholder farmers and poor consumers in the developing countries of the semi-arid tropics and the world at large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agromorphological Performance and Character Association of Finger Millet under Varying Phosphorus Regimes

Wekha¹,

Korir²,

Siambi³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Finger millet production on more than 30% of world arable land is limited by P availability and more than 70% in the semi-arid and marginalized areas which covers most of the Sub-Saharan Africa. Phosphorus is one of the most important elements significantly affecting plant growth and metabolism. Three finger millet varieties (U-15, P-224 and Ikhulule) were evaluated under four P fertilizer levels (0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5 kg ha (13) at Kakamega site. The highest rate led to the greatest vigor in both sites for both seasons while the control had the poorest vigor. Variety P-224 showed the highest lodging count with 32 out of 246 plants per experimental unit during the rainy season at Kakamega. The unit increase in grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with increased values of the harvest index (r=0.375), number of leaves (r=0.393) and plant height (r=0.431) but negatively and significantly correlated to the 1000-grain mass (r=-0.578) and lodging (r=-0.233). The best phosphorus treatment for most of the parameters was 25 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 at Alupe while maximum levels of the study parameters were realized under the 37.5 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 rate at Kakamega.

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Biotechnology: Genetic improvement of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Cited by 23 publications

References 121 publications

Increasing Food Production in Africa by Boosting the Productivity of Understudied Crops

Increasing Food Production in Africa by Boosting the Productivity of Understudied Crops

Multivariate analysis of nutritional diversity of selected macro and micro nutrients in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) varieties

Agromorphological Performance and Character Association of Finger Millet under Varying Phosphorus Regimes

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