BIOSYSTEMATICS OF PISSODES GERMAR (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE): FEEDING PREFERENCE AND BREEDING SITE SPECIFICITY OF P. STROBI AND P. APPROXIMATUS

Phillips, Thomas W.; Lanier, Gerald N.

doi:10.4039/ent1151627-12

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, white spruce is attacked in the eastern boreal region, and a variety of P. glauca is commonly attacked in western North America (Stevenson 1967;Smith and Sugden 1969). Phillips and Lanier (1983) found that white spruce was preferred over five other hosts in a choice feeding test using New York P. strobi; such tests apparently may not reflect host preferences as they occur in nature. Red pine was not susceptible to attack in our study, although red pine is reported to be attacked by the weevil in the Great Lakes states (Frank Morse,l pers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although much attention has been given to examining weevil resistance of preferred hosts of P. strobi (for example, Wilkinson 1980), most reports of the impact of the weevil on infrequently attacked hosts are based on casual observations. Phillips and Lanier (1983) examined the feeding of P. strobi and that of a sibling species, P. approximatus, in a laboratory test. When given a choice of lateral branch sections from six different species of conifers, P. strobi fed the most on white spruce, Picea glauca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WHITE PINE WEEVIL, PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), ATTACK ON VARIOUS CONIFERS IN NEW YORK

Phillips

Lanier

1983

Can Entomol

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Field studies were conducted in which adult white pine weevils, Pissodes strobi (Peck), were confined on the leaders of six different conifer species and various parameters of weevil attack were recorded. Eastern white pine, Pinus strobus, the preferred native host, was the most susceptible to attack and the most suitable for brood production. All white pine leaders on which 3 or 6 male–female pairs of weevils were confined were killed, and mean numbers of emerging brood adults per leader were 26.0 and 37.3, respectively. Some leaders of the other species of pine and of spruce, Picea spp., were also killed, but brood production from them was very low. White spruce, P. glauca, leaders proved to be the least suitable for production of brood because no adult progeny emerged, even from leaders that had been killed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WHITE PINE WEEVIL, PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), ATTACK ON VARIOUS CONIFERS IN NEW YORK

Phillips

Lanier

1983

Can Entomol

Self Cite

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“…The CHC compositions of both sexes of both species were distinct in the spring (Figure 2). However, in summer, when breeding site specificity may no longer prevent interspecific contact [24], the CHC profiles of the females of both species did not separate on the first discriminant function, whereas those of the males did. The similarity between the female CHCs could fail to prevent hybridization between these species during the summer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two weevil species are morphologically similar and can mate, resulting in hybrid offspring [21,22,23]. In early spring, adult weevils of both species emerge from their overwintering sites in the forest floor, feed, mate and lay eggs on their own habits [19,24]. Pissodes strobi emerge, then feed and oviposit on leaders, whereas P. nemorensis feed and oviposit on slash and the lower stems of healthy and unhealthy trees [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cuticular Hydrocarbon Recognition in the Mating Behavior of Two Pissodes Species

Chen

Hao

et al. 2019

Insects

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Two sibling weevil species, Pissodes strobi Peck and P. nemorensis Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), can form reduced-fitness hybrids in the laboratory, but neither their premating isolation mechanisms nor mating behaviors are well-understood. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) have been reported as crucial chemical cues in mating recognition in many insects, including weevils, and, thus, may also mediate the mating behavior of P. strobi and P. nemorensis. We conducted a series of behavioral observations, bioassays, and chemical analyses to investigate the role of CHCs in their mating behavior. Copulation behavior of both species followed similar steps: approaching, mounting, tapping, aedeagus extrusion, and copulation. In P. strobi, hexane extraction significantly reduced the number of successful male copulations compared with freeze-killed females. Conversely, significantly fewer P. nemorensis males copulated with dead females compared with live females. No significant differences were detected among hexane-extracted, freeze-killed or recoated female carcasses to P. nemorensis. These findings suggested that female cuticular extracts contain important cues in mate recognition in P. strobi but not in P. nemorensis. We identified 21 CHCs from both species with variation in abundances between sexes and seasons. Discriminant analysis revealed incomplete overlap of CHC compositions in females of the two species in summer, when hybridization potentially occurs.

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“…Oviposition decreased sharply after day 150 as many females died and the remainder produced fewer and fewer eggs. Changing host quality is the most likely reason for the decline and resurgence of the m, values between days 70 and 130 (ODell 1972;Phillips and Lanier 1983). Unfortunately, our data do not permit us to determine whether the changes are the result of random variation in the selection of host material, real changes in host quality associated with weather or season, or degradation of the nutritional components during the handling and storage of the shoots.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

ADULT SURVIVORSHIP, FECUNDITY, AND FACTORS AFFECTING LABORATORY OVIPOSITION OF PISSODES NEMORENSIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

Fontaine

Foltz

1985

Can Entomol

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Parasitization of larch casebearer, Coleophora laricella (Hiibner), by the internal larval parasite, Agathis pumila (Ratz.), commonly has been found to decrease between successive samples in the spring. The decrease has been attributed in part to mortality of A. pumila, which prolongs the casebearer's larval stage, thereby exposing it to subsequent parasitism by other species that are intrinsically superior (Smith 1929) and to secondary parasitism of A. pumila (Graham 1949;Quednau 1970;Raske and Schooley 1979; Ismail and Long 1982). Another reason may exist for this decrease in parasitization by A. pumila: A higher percentage of parasitized than unparasitized larvae may descend from the larch foliage to the understory vegetation, which is not in the normally sampled universe (Webb 1953;Moody 1977; Denton 1979; Long and Theroux 1979;Ryan 1983). Eidmann (1965) reports that casebearers are often found on the undergrowth when high populations strip the trees, but prior to this no one had reported any connection with parasitism. This movement may result in a decreased percentage of parasitized larvae remaining on the larch foliage. Evidence presented here substantiates this hypothesis for one location, but for a more general conclusion other areas should also be examined.Through dissections of overwintering larvae, parasitization of the 1983-1984 casebearer generation on larch foliage was determined to be approximately 50% at the Tollgate plot in northeastern Oregon in December and April (Table 1). Rearing and subsequent examination of cases collected 6 June showed that parasitization by A. pumila had dropped to only 32.6%. On that date some were seen on the undergrowth but were not sampled. One week later a sample of cases from the undergrowth showed parasitization by A. pumila to be 96.3%, significantly higher than previously found on the larch foliage (x2 = 480.7, p < 0.001). Because the attack period of A. pumila had been completed in the previous summer when the larvae were solely on the larch, the higher parasitization on the undergrowth could not have been due to different attack rates in the different strata. Rather, the behavior of larvae parasitized by A. pumila differed from behavior of nonparasitized lama. Parasitization by A. pumila subsequently decreased, both on larch foliage and on the undergrowth, mainly because of secondary parasitism of A. pumila larvae and pupae by Mesopolobus sp., Habrocytus sp., Tetrastichus sp., and Gelis sp. and an increase in the incidence of premature parasite mortality. Chrysocharis laricinellae (Ratz.) was present and parasitized 7.2-9.7% of the casebearers in the final samples but was not observed to parasitize A. pumila directly. Ismail and Long (1982) report that pupation sites of parasitized and unparasitized casebearers on larch foliage are frequently different. It is now clear that many parasitized larvae leave the foliage altogether. Thus, to obtain an accurate assessment of parasitization by A. pumila, samples must be taken prior to the dispersal of parasitized ...

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BIOSYSTEMATICS OF PISSODES GERMAR (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE): FEEDING PREFERENCE AND BREEDING SITE SPECIFICITY OF P. STROBI AND P. APPROXIMATUS

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

WHITE PINE WEEVIL, PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), ATTACK ON VARIOUS CONIFERS IN NEW YORK

WHITE PINE WEEVIL, PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), ATTACK ON VARIOUS CONIFERS IN NEW YORK

Cuticular Hydrocarbon Recognition in the Mating Behavior of Two Pissodes Species

ADULT SURVIVORSHIP, FECUNDITY, AND FACTORS AFFECTING LABORATORY OVIPOSITION OF PISSODES NEMORENSIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

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