Biosynthetic energy cost of potentially highly expressed proteins vary with niche in selected actinobacteria

Abstract

Amino acid and protein biosynthesis requires a number of high energy phosphate bonds and includes a dual energy cost for the synthesis of chemical intermediates during the fueling reactions and the conversion of precursor molecules to final products. One popular hypothesis is that the proteins encoded by putative highly expressed genes (hence called PHXPs) generally utilize low energy consuming amino acids to reduce the biosynthetic cost of the essential proteins. In our study, we found that this idea was not supported in the case of actinobacteria. With the actinobacteria, the energy costs of PHXPs varied in relation to their niche. Free-living, including aquatic, soil and extremophilic, and plant-associated actinobacteria were found to use energetically expensive amino acids in their PHXPs. An exception occurred with some animal-host-associated actinobacteria that used energy efficient amino acids. One explanation for these results may be due to the diverse metabolic patterns exhibited by actinobacteria under varied niches influenced by nutritional availability and physical environment.

Antarctic Sphingomonas sp. So64.6b showed evolutive divergence within its genus, including new biosynthetic gene clusters

“…Other authors have reports findings that are consistent with this theory. Among then, chromomycin, an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces flaviscleroticus showed antioxidant effect that confers resistance oxidative stress (Prajapati et al, 2019); the lipid-based esters, and Cys-GSH isomers were related to antioxidant response, significantly shifted by Cadmium concentrations in Scenedesmus obliquus (Mangal et al, 2020); secondary metabolites production and additional genes for specific peptides were found to potentially enhance the response to environmental changes on members of the order Candidatus Thermoprofundales, enabling them inhabit marine hydrothermal vents, deep subsurface oil reservoirs and hot springs (Liu et al, 2022); and the products of shikimate pathway including mycosporines and mycosporines-likeamino-acids which are well-known radiation resistant substances (Sarkar et al, 2018;Gacem et al, 2021).…”