Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea: the role of hybrid PKS-NRPS in pathogenicity

Collemare, Jérôme; Billard, Alexis; Böhnert, Heidi U.; Lebrun, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.08.003

Cited by 120 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…7B and C). In F. oxysporum, the ability to cross cellophane membranes on agar cultures varied with the N sources: cellophane penetration was efficient in the presence of nitrate but not with ammonium (21), a result confirmed with other pathogenic fungi, such as F. oxysporum or the rice blast Magnaporthe oryzae (6). In our case, FKMC1995 exhibited a similar degrading ability on minimal agar supplemented either with asparagine or with NH 4 NO 3 (results not shown).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Identification and Regulation offusA, the Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for Fusarin Production in Fusarium fujikuroi

Díaz-Sánchez

Ávalos

Limón

2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Fusarins are a class of mycotoxins of the polyketide family produced by different Fusarium species, including the gibberellinproducing fungus Fusarium fujikuroi. Based on sequence comparisons between polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymes for fusarin production in other Fusarium strains, we have identified the F. fujikuroi orthologue, called fusA. The participation of fusA in fusarin biosynthesis was demonstrated by targeted mutagenesis. Fusarin production is transiently stimulated by nitrogen availability in this fungus, a regulation paralleled by the fusA mRNA levels in the cell. Illumination of the cultures results in a reduction of the fusarin content, an effect partially explained by a high sensitivity of these compounds to light. Mutants of the fusA gene exhibit no external phenotypic alterations, including morphology and conidiation, except for a lack of the characteristic yellow and/or orange pigmentation of fusarins. Moreover, the fusA mutants are less efficient than the wild type at degrading cellophane on agar cultures, a trait associated with pathogenesis functions in Fusarium oxysporum. The fusA mutants, however, are not affected in their capacities to grow on plant tissues.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Identification and Regulation offusA, the Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for Fusarin Production in Fusarium fujikuroi

Díaz-Sánchez

Ávalos

Limón

2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…npg l e t t e r s Both Colletotrichum species encode markedly more secondary metabolism enzymes (103 in C. higginsianum and 74 in C. graminicola) than other sequenced fungi (2-58 in ascomycetes 24,25 ) ( Supplementary Fig. 10a and Supplementary Table 8).…”

Section: E T T E R Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle transitions in plant pathogenic Colletotrichum fungi deciphered by genome and transcriptome analyses

et al. 2012

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Colletotrichum species are fungal pathogens that devastate crop plants worldwide. Host infection involves the differentiation of specialized cell types that are associated with penetration, growth inside living host cells (biotrophy) and tissue destruction (necrotrophy). We report here genome and transcriptome analyses of Colletotrichum higginsianum infecting Arabidopsis thaliana and Colletotrichum graminicola infecting maize. Comparative genomics showed that both fungi have large sets of pathogenicity-related genes, but families of genes encoding secreted effectors, pectin-degrading enzymes, secondary metabolism enzymes, transporters and peptidases are expanded in C. higginsianum. Genome-wide expression profiling revealed that these genes are transcribed in successive waves that are linked to pathogenic transitions: effectors and secondary metabolism enzymes are induced before penetration and during biotrophy, whereas most hydrolases and transporters are upregulated later, at the switch to necrotrophy. Our findings show that preinvasion perception of plant-derived signals substantially reprograms fungal gene expression and indicate previously unknown functions for particular fungal cell types

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“…It is noted that we discarded the genes that appeared to be PKS-like (not full PKS proteins and not containing a full set of PKS minimal domains [KS-AT-ACP]). The number of PKS genes in each fungal genome was reported previously (8). Here, we elaborated the classification of these genomic PKSs into subgroups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Also, there are 47 more clade II PKSs from fungal genomes (Table 3). Many important secondary metabolites are synthesized by PKS-NRPS hybrids (8). Functional analysis of these PKS genes could be useful to determine whether these PKS enzymes are involved in biosynthesis of valuable target compounds.…”

Section: Vol 75 2009 Insect-specific Pkss In Tropical Fungi 3727mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect-Specific Polyketide Synthases (PKSs), Potential PKS-Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Hybrids, and Novel PKS Clades in Tropical Fungi

Amnuaykanjanasin

Phonghanpot

Sengpanich

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Polyketides draw much attention because of their potential use in pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications. This study identifies an abundant pool of polyketide synthase (PKS) genes from local isolates of tropical fungi found in Thailand in three different ecological niches: insect pathogens, marine inhabitants, and lichen mutualists. We detected 149 PKS genes from 48 fungi using PCR with PKS-specific degenerate primers. We identified and classified 283 additional PKS genes from 13 fungal genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of all these PKS sequences the comprising ketosynthase (KS) conserved region and the KS-acyltransferase interdomain region yielded results very similar to those for phylogenies of the KS domain and suggested a number of remarkable points. (i) Twelve PKS genes amplified from 12 different insect-pathogenic fungi form a tight cluster, although along with two PKS genes extracted from genomes of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus, in reducing clade III. Some of these insect-specific fungal PKSs are nearly identical. (ii) We identified 38 new PKS-nonribosomal peptide synthetase hybrid genes in reducing clade II. (iii) Four distinct clades were discovered with more than 75% bootstrap support. We propose to designate the novel clade D1 with 100% bootstrap support "reducing clade V." The newly cloned PKS genes from these tropical fungi should provide useful and diverse genetic resources for future research on the characterization of polyketide compounds synthesized by these enzymes.

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Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea: the role of hybrid PKS-NRPS in pathogenicity

Cited by 120 publications

References 46 publications

Identification and Regulation offusA, the Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for Fusarin Production in Fusarium fujikuroi

Identification and Regulation offusA, the Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for Fusarin Production in Fusarium fujikuroi

Lifestyle transitions in plant pathogenic Colletotrichum fungi deciphered by genome and transcriptome analyses

Insect-Specific Polyketide Synthases (PKSs), Potential PKS-Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Hybrids, and Novel PKS Clades in Tropical Fungi

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