Biosynthesis of cadmium sulphide quantum dots by usingPleurotus ostreatus(Jacq.) P. Kumm

Abstract

The development of 'green' technologies in nanoparticle synthesis is of considerable importance to broaden their biological applications. Cadmium sulphide nanoparticles are considered very promising in applied chemistry, bioscience and medicine. The aim of this study was to develop an efficient, easily reproducible and environmentally friendly method for biosynthesis of cadmium sulphide quantum dots based on the usage of mycelium of the basidiomycete fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. By incubating P. ostreatus mycelium with inorganic cadmium sulphate and sodium sulphide, we synthesized stable luminescent CdS nanocrystals. They showed absorption peaks at 453 nm (ultravioletÀvisible spectrometry) and a main luminescent peak at 462 nm. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the obtained quantum dots were of a spherical shape and predominantly from 4 to 5 nm in size. The electron diffraction pattern confirmed the wurtzite crystalline structure of the synthesized cadmium sulphide quantum dots. The obtained results confirm for the first time that the system based on basiodiomycete fungi could be considered promising for synthesizing semiconductor quantum dots.

Biosynthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles: A Fresh Look at the Control of Shape, Size and Composition

“…Biological routes have proven efficient in the production of various sulfide-based nanomaterials, such as ZnS, CdS and PbS [ 97 ]. Through these eco-friendly routes, several microorganisms and extracts have been screened for their ability to promote the production of CdS NPs, such as bacteria [ 98 ], marine bacteria [ 99 ], photosynthetic bacteria [ 100 ], fungi [ 101 , 102 ], plant extracts [ 103 , 104 , 105 ], algae [ 106 , 107 ], pigments [ 108 ], and proteins [ 109 ], starting from the corresponding precursors of cadmium and sulfur. The as-produced CdS NPs can be exploited in photocatalytic applications [ 107 ] or valued for their biocidal properties [ 99 ].…”

Synthesis, Properties, and Biological Applications of Metallic Alloy Nanoparticles

“…When fungi are exposed to a metal ion environment, they produce compounds or biomolecules such as naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, or nitrate reductase as reducing factors to create metal particles [ 144 , 145 , 158 , 159 ]. Fungi such as Fusarium semitectum, Neurospora crassa, Fusarium oxysporum, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coriolus versicolor and yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces pombe , and Candida glabrata have been used to manufacture Au-Ag and Cd-S alloy nanoparticles [ 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 ].…”

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“…Some other silver nanoparticles produced by mushroom are listed in Table 1. 82 . Some other typical gold nanoparticles produced by microorganisms are summarized in Table 2.…”