Biosynthesis of 3-Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in Wollastonia biflora (L.) DC. (Evidence That S-Methylmethionine Is an Intermediate)

Hanson, Andrew D.; Rivoal, Jean; Paquet, Luc; Gage, Douglas A.

doi:10.1104/pp.105.1.103

Cited by 108 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The immunological similarity between DDH and BADH, their identical subunit size, and the competitive inhibition of DDH by betaine aldehyde are all consistent with a close relationship between these enzymes. There is some evidence to suggest that they may be one and the same: BADH purified from amaranth leaves has been shown to have DDH activity (R. Munoz-Clares and A.D. Hanson, unpublished data), and BADH is probably present in W. biflora because some genotypes produce Gly betaine (Storey et al, 1993;Hanson et al, 1994). Enzyme purification studies will show whether DDH and BADH activities are associated with a single enzyme in W. biflora.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence That the Pathway of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Biosynthesis Begins in the Cytosol and Ends in the Chloroplast

1996

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence That the Pathway of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Biosynthesis Begins in the Cytosol and Ends in the Chloroplast

1996

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Stefels (2000) postulated that DMSP could be used as an overflow of carbon when carbohydrate production exceeds cellular carbon requirements. Additions of methionine to Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Wollastonia biflora resulted in an increased DMSP production (Gröne & Kirst 1992, Hanson et al 1994.It is indisputable that solar UV radiation (UVR; 280 to 400 nm) negatively affects marine microalgae, judging from the many field experiments that have demonstrated UVBR-related decreases in primary production (Smith et al 1992, Helbling et al 1994, Neale et al 1994, 1998, Boucher & Prezelin 1996, McMinn et al 1999. Inside the cell, UVBR can affect Photosystem II (PSII) efficiency (Kroon et al 1994, Schofield et al 1995 or the ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO) pool (Lesser et al 1996).…”

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UV radiation induced stress does not affect DMSP synthesis in the marine prymnesiophyte Emiliania huxleyi

Rijssel¹,

Buma

2002

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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A possible coupling between UV radiation (UVR; 280 to 400 nm) induced stress and the production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), the precursor of the climate-regulating gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), was investigated in the marine prymnesiophyte Emiliania huxleyi. To this end, axenic cultures of E. huxleyi were exposed to a range of UVR doses for 2 consecutive days. During and after these treatments, growth, photosynthetic activity, cell size, DNA damage, sugar accumulation and DMSP concentrations were followed. The vulnerability of E. huxleyi for relatively low UVR doses was demonstrated by the inhibition of growth and the simultaneous occurrence of DNA damage. Also, mean cell size increased and sugars accumulated as a result of the UVR treatments. In contrast, no effect was observed on the optimal quantum yield of Photosystem II (PSII), a measure of the efficiency of photosynthesis. With increasing UVR dose, cellular DMSP content increased. However, the intracellular DMSP concentrations remained constant at the level typical for the applied temperature and salinity conditions, due to accompanying increase in cell size. The increased cellular DMSP content did not compensate, therefore, for the decreased growth rates, resulting in an overall decrease in the total amount of DMSP produced in the cultures. The UVR effects as induced in this study are assumed to be severe as compared with natural solar conditions, especially because high in situ UVAR (315 to 400 nm) may ameliorate UVBR damage by activation of photorepair. Yet the presented results imply that when (increased) UV(B)R causes growth rate reduction of E. huxleyi in situ, DMSP fluxes are likely to be reduced too.KEY WORDS: UV radiation · Phytoplankton · Emiliania huxleyi · Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers · DNA · Thymine dimers · Dimethylsulfide · Dimethylsulfoniopropionate · Salinity · F v /F m Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherAquat Microb Ecol 28: [167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174] 2002 amino acids. In addition, Stefels (2000) postulated that DMSP could be used as an overflow of carbon when carbohydrate production exceeds cellular carbon requirements. Additions of methionine to Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Wollastonia biflora resulted in an increased DMSP production (Gröne & Kirst 1992, Hanson et al. 1994.It is indisputable that solar UV radiation (UVR; 280 to 400 nm) negatively affects marine microalgae, judging from the many field experiments that have demonstrated UVBR-related decreases in primary production (Smith et al. 1992, Helbling et al. 1994, Neale et al. 1994, 1998, Boucher & Prezelin 1996, McMinn et al. 1999. Inside the cell, UVBR can affect Photosystem II (PSII) efficiency (Kroon et al. 1994, Schofield et al. 1995 or the ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO) pool (Lesser et al. 1996). In addition, UVBR induces DNA damage, notably cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) (Karentz et al. 1991, Karentz 1994, Buma et al. 1996 that may arrest the cell cycle in the ...

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“…SMM in phloem samples was analyzed without derivatization by matrixassisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) by using the instrumentation and procedures described by Trossat et al (1998). SMM in leaf extracts was determined as described by Hanson et al (1994). Thiols were analyzed by HPLC as their monobromobimane derivatives, as described by Herschbach et al (1998); the ␥-glutamylcysteinylserine peak was identified based on its chromatographic behavior (Klapheck et al, 1992) and quantified relative to a glutathione (GSH) standard.…”

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S-Methylmethionine Plays a Major Role in Phloem Sulfur Transport and Is Synthesized by a Novel Type of Methyltransferase

et al. 1999

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All flowering plants produce S -methylmethionine (SMM) from Met and have a separate mechanism to convert SMM back to Met. The functions of SMM and the reasons for its interconversion with Met are not known. In this study, by using the aphid stylet collection method together with mass spectral and radiolabeling analyses, we established that L -SMM is a major constituent of the phloem sap moving to wheat ears. The SMM level in the phloem ( ‫ف‬ 2% of free amino acids) was 1.5-fold that of glutathione, indicating that SMM could contribute approximately half the sulfur needed for grain protein synthesis. Similarly, L -SMM was a prominently labeled product in phloem exudates obtained by EDTA treatment of detached leaves from plants of the Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, and Cucurbitaceae that were given L -35 S-Met. cDNA clones for the enzyme that catalyzes SMM synthesis ( S -adenosylMet:Met S -methyltransferase; EC 2.1.1.12) were isolated from Wollastonia biflora , maize, and Arabidopsis. The deduced amino acid sequences revealed the expected methyltransferase domain ( ‫ف‬ 300 residues at the N terminus), plus an 800-residue C-terminal region sharing significant similarity with aminotransferases and other pyridoxal 5 -phosphate-dependent enzymes. These results indicate that SMM has a previously unrecognized but often major role in sulfur transport in flowering plants and that evolution of SMM synthesis in this group involved a gene fusion event. The resulting bipartite enzyme is unlike any other known methyltransferase. INTRODUCTIONPlant Met metabolism differs from that in other organisms by involving S -methylmethionine (SMM). SMM is a ubiquitous constituent of the free amino acid pool in flowering plants, occurring in leaves, roots, and other organs at levels that typically range from 0.5 to 3 mol g Ϫ 1 dry weight, a concentration that is often higher than those of Met or S -adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) (Giovanelli et al., 1980;Mudd and Datko, 1990;Bezzubov and Gessler, 1992). SMM also has been detected as a metabolite of radiolabeled L -Met in all flowering plants tested ( Ͼ 50 species from Ͼ 20 families; Paquet et al., 1995). As shown in Figure 1, SMM is formed from L -Met via the action of AdoMet:Met S -methyltransferase (MMT; EC 2.1.1.12) and can be reconverted to Met by donating a methyl group to L -homocysteine (Hcy) in a reaction catalyzed by Hcy S -methyltransferase (HMT; EC 2.1.1.10; Giovanelli et al., 1980;Mudd and Datko, 1990). The tandem action of MMT and HMT, together with S -adenosyl-L -Hcy hydrolase, constitutes the SMM cycle, which is apparently futile (Mudd and Datko, 1990).As expected from the universality of SMM, MMT activity has been found in many flowering plants (Giovanelli et al., 1980;Mudd and Datko, 1990). It has been purified from leaves of Wollastonia biflora (James et al., 1995a) and from germinating barley (Pimenta et al., 1998), and it is known to have subunits of ‫ف‬ 115 kD. Because this is approximately three times larger than any other small-molecule methyltransferase (F...

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Biosynthesis of 3-Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in Wollastonia biflora (L.) DC. (Evidence That S-Methylmethionine Is an Intermediate)

Cited by 108 publications

References 18 publications

Evidence That the Pathway of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Biosynthesis Begins in the Cytosol and Ends in the Chloroplast

Evidence That the Pathway of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Biosynthesis Begins in the Cytosol and Ends in the Chloroplast

UV radiation induced stress does not affect DMSP synthesis in the marine prymnesiophyte Emiliania huxleyi

S-Methylmethionine Plays a Major Role in Phloem Sulfur Transport and Is Synthesized by a Novel Type of Methyltransferase

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