Biosynthesis MgO and ZnO nanoparticles using chitosan extracted from Pimelia Payraudi Latreille for antibacterial applications

Abstract

Chitosan (CS) is one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature, with superior properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, lack of toxicity, antimicrobial activity, acceleration of wound healing, and stimulation of the immune system. In this study, chitosan was extracted from the exoskeletons of the beetle (Pimelia Payraudi Latreille) and then used for the biosynthesis of MgO NPs and ZnO NPs. The extracted chitosan exhibited excellent physicochemical properties, including high extraction yield (39%), high degree of deacetylation (90%), low ash content (1%), high fat-binding capacity (366%), and odd crystallinity index (51%). The MgO NPs and ZnO NPs exhibited spherical morphology with crystallite sizes of 17 nm and 29 nm, particle sizes of about 20-70 nm and 30-60 nm, and bandgap energy of 4.43 and 3.34 eV, respectively. Antibacterial assays showed that the extracted chitosan showed high antibacterial activity against Gram-(+/-) bacteria, while ZnO NPs showed much stronger antibacterial activity against Gram-(+) bacteria than against Gram(-) bacteria. For MgO NPs, the antibacterial activity against Gram-(+) bacteria was lower than that against Gram-(-) bacteria. The results suggest that the synthesized MgO NPs and ZnO NPs are excellent antibacterial agents for therapeutic applications.

Improving the Durability of Chitosan Films through Incorporation of Magnesium, Tungsten, and Graphene Oxides for Biomedical Applications

“…This is due to the fact that the NPs made the membrane surface rougher, which in turn raised the surface energy of the membrane. A reduced contact angle was produced as a result of the higher surface energy, which made it simpler for water molecules to disperse over the membrane surface [53] . This hydrophilic characteristic is advantageous for situations where the membrane has to interact with aqueous solutions or be physically linked to the surroundings [52,53] .…”

“…[53] This hydrophilic characteristic is advantageous for situations where the membrane has to interact with aqueous solutions or be physically linked to the surroundings. [52,53] The modified chitosan membrane's improved hydrophilicity is probably the result of a number of causes. WO 3 and MgO nanoparticles might firstly produce active areas on the surface that draw and bind water molecules.…”

“…Second, the nanoparticle-induced surface roughness might increase the surface area on which water can adhere, decreasing the contact angle. [53] The nanoparticles chemical makeup itself may also have inherent hydrophilic qualities that add to the modified membrane overall hydrophilicity. [52] On the other hand, the addition of GO to the previous scaffold showed an increase in the contact angle to 48.74 � 3.39°but it is still lower than the contact angle of pure CS.…”

“…The contact angle decreased as a result of the membrane surface's greater engagement with the water. [53] The chitosan membrane containing WO 3 and MgO nanoparticles may have been more hydrophilic, or had a greater attraction for water, as shown by the reduction in contact angle. [52,53] This is due to the fact that the NPs made the membrane surface rougher, which in turn raised the surface energy of the membrane.…”

“…A reduced contact angle was produced as a result of the higher surface energy, which made it simpler for water molecules to disperse over the membrane surface. [53] This hydrophilic characteristic is advantageous for situations where the membrane has to interact with aqueous solutions or be physically linked to the surroundings. [52,53] The modified chitosan membrane's improved hydrophilicity is probably the result of a number of causes.…”