Biosynthesis, characterization and anthelmintic activity of silver nanoparticles of Clerodendrum infortunatum isolate

Abstract

Over the past few decades, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained importance for their therapeutic efficacy and eco-friendly nature. Integrating green chemistry principles into multidisciplinary nanoscience research has paved the way for developing environmentally benign and sustainable methods for synthesizing gold and silver nanoparticles. In the present study, the flowers obtained from Clerodendrum infortunatum (L.), belonging to the family Verbenaceae, have been used for biosynthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to evaluate the anthelmintic potential. UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM analyses were performed to ascertain the formation of AgNPs. Clerodendrum-derived AgNP (CLE-AgNP) has significantly affected the normal physiological functions of the poultry parasite Raillietina spp., a menace to the livestock industry. Our study manifests that CLE-AgNPs cause considerable distortion of the surface tegument of this cestode parasite leading to changes in the host-parasite interface. The histochemical localization studies of the tegument-associated enzymes viz. AcPase, AlkPase, ATPase and 5’-Nu, exposed to the drug, showed a substantial activity decline, thus establishing the anthelmintic potential of the CLE-AgNPs.

Anthelmintic efficacy of Holarrhena pubescens against Raillietina spp. of domestic fowl through ultrastructural, histochemical, biochemical and GLCM analysis

“…Similar results were also evident from the biochemical studies wherein there is a marked reduction in the activity of the tegumental enzymes in the Praziquantel and phytoproduct treated worms. Similar type of results were obtained after treatment with other plant extracts as well [ 39 , 59 , 60 ]. Acid Phosphatase is an important lysosomal enzyme in helminths [ 58 ] and the reduction in its activity indicates the disruption of lysosomes in the phytoproduct treated worms [ 61 ].…”

Biogenic silver nanoparticles' antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity on human hepatocarcinoma cells (Huh-7)

“…These environmentally friendly methods involve microorganisms, plants, and irradiation-assisted techniques. 12–14 These agents not only facilitate the synthesis process but also provide biomolecule-induced surface modifications that can potentially enhance the nanoparticles' interactions with biological systems. 15 Furthermore, despite these notable advantages, the arena of discrepancies in the biological activity of silver nanoparticles fabricated through different biosynthetic routes remains an underexplored domain.…”

Silversol®(a colloidal nanosilver formulation) inhibits growth of antibiotic-resistantStaphylococcus aureusby disrupting its physiology in multiple ways

“…Modern times has also witnessed numerous reports (Burange et al, 2021; Korkmaz, 2020; Khan et al, 2023) describing different types of biological activities of silver. Antimicrobial activity of different forms of silver has also been documented e.g., antiviral (Balasubramaniam et al, 2020; Jain et al, 2021; Ratan et al, 2021), antibacterial (Balasubramaniam et al, 2020; Ibrahim et al, 2020; Bruna et al, 2021), antifungal (Mussin et al, 2022; Matras et al, 2022), antiprotozoal (Abou Elez et al, 2023), and anthelmintic (Majumdar and Kar, 2023; Gajera et al, 2023a). Different forms of silver (e.g., metallic, colloidal, silver salts) may have different mechanisms of action, and varying magnitude of biological activity.…”

“…Modern times has also witnessed numerous reports (Burange et al, 2021;Korkmaz, 2020;Khan et al, 2023) describing different types of biological activities of silver. Antimicrobial activity of different forms of silver has also been documented e.g., antiviral (Balasubramaniam et (Majumdar and Kar, 2023;Gajera et al, 2023a). Different forms of silver (e.g., metallic, colloidal, silver salts) may have different mechanisms of action, and varying magnitude of biological activity.…”