Biosynthesis and transport of pollen coat precursors in angiosperms

Qiao, Yuyuan; Hou, Bing-Zhu; Qi, Xiaoquan

doi:10.1038/s41477-023-01413-0

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…These processes involve lipids, phenols and polysaccharide metabolisms in the tapetum, as well as the transport of sporopollenin precursors. 138 Although the exact chemical structure of sporopollenin is still unknown, it has been suggested that it is mainly comprised of aliphatic polyketide-derived polyvinyl alcohol units crosslinked by p-coumaryl-substituted fatty acid-derived C16 aliphatic units via acetal linkages. 139 A lot of interest currently lies in obtaining the precise structure of pollen coat and sporopollenin for the biotechnological purpose of designing new polymers of different properties, as well as in imaging pollen coat and sporopollenin using highresolution microscopy.…”

Section: Pollen Coat and Sporopolleninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging plant cell walls using fluorescent stains: The beauty is in the details

Piccinini,

Nirina Ramamonjy,

Ursache

2024

Journal of Microscopy

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Plants continuously face various environmental stressors throughout their lifetime. To be able to grow and adapt in different environments, they developed specialized tissues that allowed them to maintain a protected yet interconnected body. These tissues undergo specific primary and secondary cell wall modifications that are essential to ensure normal plant growth, adaptation and successful land colonization. The composition of cell walls can vary among different plant species, organs and tissues. The ability to remodel their cell walls is fundamental for plants to be able to cope with multiple biotic and abiotic stressors. A better understanding of the changes taking place in plant cell walls may help identify and develop new strategies as well as tools to enhance plants’ survival under environmental stresses or prevent pathogen attack. Since the invention of microscopy, numerous imaging techniques have been developed to determine the composition and dynamics of plant cell walls during normal growth and in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we discuss the main advances in imaging plant cell walls, with a particular focus on fluorescent stains for different cell wall components and their compatibility with tissue clearing techniques.Lay Description: Plants are continuously subjected to various environmental stresses during their lifespan. They evolved specialized tissues that thrive in different environments, enabling them to maintain a protected yet interconnected body. Such tissues undergo distinct primary and secondary cell wall alterations essential to normal plant growth, their adaptability and successful land colonization. Cell wall composition may differ among various plant species, organs and even tissues. To deal with various biotic and abiotic stresses, plants must have the capacity to remodel their cell walls. Gaining insight into changes that take place in plant cell walls will help identify and create novel tools and strategies to improve plants’ ability to withstand environmental challenges. Multiple imaging techniques have been developed since the introduction of microscopy to analyse the composition and dynamics of plant cell walls during growth and in response to environmental changes. Advancements in plant tissue cleaning procedures and their compatibility with cell wall stains have significantly enhanced our ability to perform high‐resolution cell wall imaging. At the same time, several factors influence the effectiveness of cleaning and staining plant specimens, as well as the time necessary for the process, including the specimen's size, thickness, tissue complexity and the presence of autofluorescence. In this review, we will discuss the major advances in imaging plant cell walls, with a particular emphasis on fluorescent stains for diverse cell wall components and their compatibility with tissue clearing techniques. We hope that this review will assist readers in selecting the most appropriate stain or combination of stains to highlight specific cell wall components of interest.

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Section: Pollen Coat and Sporopolleninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging plant cell walls using fluorescent stains: The beauty is in the details

Piccinini,

Nirina Ramamonjy,

Ursache

2024

Journal of Microscopy

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“…Pollen coat proteins (PCPs), the main components of the pollen outer wall and most of them are small cystine-rich peptides, play a crucial role in pollen-stigma recognition, adhesion and hydration, and pollen development and germination (Li et al 2012;Lu et al 2020). It was reported that an abnormal pollen coat protein can result in male sterility (Qiao et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification, transcript profiling and functional analyses of PCP gene family in Wucai (Brassica campestris)

Wang,

Liu,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Pollen coat proteins (PCPs) are cysteine-rich small-molecule proteins, which exhibit high levels of polymorphism and are expressed in gametocytes. Previous investigations have revealed that PCP genes are involved in pollen wall synthesis, pollen-stigma recognition, pollen development and germination. However, gene expression and function of PCP family in pollen development is not well understood in Wucai (Brassica campestris L.). In this study, genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the BcPCPgene family members were conducted, including their physical and chemical properties, chromosome localization, phylogenetic tree, gene structure, and tertiary structure. A total of 20 BcPCP genes were identified and classified into three subfamilies with high homology to Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, PCP members associated with male sterility were screened based on several transcriptome and proteome datasets, and BraA02g002400.3C was identified as a candidate gene. Gene sequence analysis revealed that this gene was homologous to GRP20 gene, and was named BcGRP20. Functional analysis of this gene showed that overexpression of BcGRP20 gene in the Arabidopsis grp20 mutant could restore anther fertility.

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The tale of tapetum: from anther walls to pollen wall

Biswas,

Chaudhuri

2024

Nucleus

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Biosynthesis and transport of pollen coat precursors in angiosperms

Cited by 8 publications

References 141 publications

Imaging plant cell walls using fluorescent stains: The beauty is in the details

Imaging plant cell walls using fluorescent stains: The beauty is in the details

Genome-wide identification, transcript profiling and functional analyses of PCP gene family in Wucai (Brassica campestris)

The tale of tapetum: from anther walls to pollen wall

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