Biosynthesis and medicinal applications of proanthocyanidins: A recent update

Rippin,; Sharma, Anil Kumar; Beniwal, Vikas

doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102500

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Proanthocyanidins in tea, black currant, grapes, bilberry, pine bark, cranberry, and peanut skin may lead to a decrease in the oxidative stress (ROS), induce lower iNOS and COX-2 over-expression, then lower inflammation, and, lastly, show activities against diabetes, asthma, neuropathologies, cardiovascular ailments, obesity, and cancer [ 466 ]. The precursors of proanthocyanidins are produced by the phenyl propanoid pathway in the cytosol and are converted to the vacuole, where they polymerize to create proanthocyanidins [ 467 ]. They have various bioactivities, such as anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant [ 468 ].…”

Section: The Health Benefits Of Condensed Tannins or Proanthocyanidin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants—Natural Health Products for Human Health

2023

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Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are potential substitutes for bioactive agents in pharmaceutical and medicinal sections to promote human health and prevent and cure different diseases. The most common flavonoids found in nature are anthocyanins, flavones, flavanones, flavonols, flavanonols, isoflavones, and other sub-classes. The impacts of plant flavonoids and other phenolics on human health promoting and diseases curing and preventing are antioxidant effects, antibacterial impacts, cardioprotective effects, anticancer impacts, immune system promoting, anti-inflammatory effects, and skin protective effects from UV radiation. This work aims to provide an overview of phenolic compounds and flavonoids as potential and important sources of pharmaceutical and medical application according to recently published studies, as well as some interesting directions for future research. The keyword searches for flavonoids, phenolics, isoflavones, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, xanthones, curcuminoids, stilbenes, cucurmin, phenylethanoids, and secoiridoids medicinal plant were performed by using Web of Science, Scopus, Google scholar, and PubMed. Phenolic acids contain a carboxylic acid group in addition to the basic phenolic structure and are mainly divided into hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxybenzoic acids are based on a C6-C1 skeleton and are often found bound to small organic acids, glycosyl moieties, or cell structural components. Common hydroxybenzoic acids include gallic, syringic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, gentistic, and salicylic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are based on a C6-C3 skeleton and are also often bound to other molecules such as quinic acid and glucose. The main hydroxycinnamic acids are caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids.

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Section: The Health Benefits Of Condensed Tannins or Proanthocyanidin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants—Natural Health Products for Human Health

2023

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“…Proanthocyanidins are oligomers of phenolic nature based on flavan-3-ols (catechins), the formation of which is characteristic of perennial plants, including tea [8,70].…”

Section: Proanthocyanidins Content In Tea Callus Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Light Intensity and Duration on the Formation of Primary and Secondary Metabolites in Tea Plant Cell Culture

Zubova,

Goncharuk,

Nechaeva

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.) are economically important horticultural crops for industrial use. The drink (tea) obtained from them is used all over the world, and its functional activity is determined by the polyphenols content and composition. Its accumulation is regulated by the action of many environmental factors. This paper presents data on the different intensity (50, 75, and 100 µmol·m−2·s−1) and duration of light exposure on tea plant in vitro cultures. Changes in morphophysiological characteristics, accumulation of carbohydrates and polyphenols, including their monomeric (phenylpropanoids, flavanols) and oligomeric (proanthocyanidins) forms, were studied. The malondialdehyde and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) contents were also analyzed. In the calli grown in light conditions, chloroplasts and anthocyanoplasts formation was noted, which was especially pronounced under the highest illumination intensity. A significant similarity between the growth of callus cultures, the carbohydrates and polyphenols accumulation at 50 and 75 µmol·m−2·s−1 was established. Which wasn’t characteristic of the calli grown at 100 µmol·m−2·s−1. The stress reaction absence in tea callus cultures has been demonstrated, which may be a consequence of the phenolic antioxidants’ accumulation in them. The obtained data evidence that their potential ability to accumulate primary (carbohydrates) and secondary (polyphenols) metabolites depends on the light exposure intensity and duration.

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