Biosynthesis and Expression of Zona pellucida Glycoproteins in Mammals

Sinowatz, Fred; Kölle, Sabine; Töpfer‐Petersen, Edda

doi:10.1159/000016803

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…As expected, ZP glycoproteins are organized in a specific manner within the extracellular coat [Greve and Wassarman, 1985;Wassarman and Mortillo, 1991;Green, 1997;Wassarman, 1999a;Sinowatz et al, 2001]. Dimers composed of mZP2 and mZP3 polymerize into long filaments that constitute the ZP.…”

Section: Mouse Egg Zpmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Towards the Molecular Basis of Sperm and Egg Interaction during Mammalian Fertilization

Wassarman

Litscher²

2000

Cells Tissues Organs

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During the past 2 decades, a number of genes have been cloned from mammals which encode polypeptides that participate in the process of fertilization. Among these are glycoproteins ZP1–3 that constitute the zona pellucida of eggs from mice to human beings. In mice, one of these glycoproteins, mZP3, acts as a primary sperm receptor and acrosome reaction-inducer. The evidence suggests that acrosome-intact sperm recognize and bind to a specific class of mZP3 oligosaccharides present on two serine residues (O-linked) located near the carboxy-terminus of the polypeptide. Mutagenesis of either of these residues results in the synthesis of an inactive form of the receptor. Therefore, mammalian fertilization is a carbohydrate-mediated event. It is possible that changes in the structure of these oligosaccharides (e.g., composition, sequence, linkages, modifications, etc.) could account for species-specific binding of sperm to eggs. Stably transfected somatic cells, null mutant animals, and DNA constructs are now available to test this possibility both in vivo and in vitro.

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Section: Mouse Egg Zpmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…1). All mammalian eggs have a ZP and its thickness varies among different species [Sinowatz et al, 2001]. Although the restrictions on binding imposed by the ZP are not absolute, they provide a relatively high degree of species-specific fertilization in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Molecular Basis of Sperm and Egg Interaction during Mammalian Fertilization

Wassarman

Litscher²

2000

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…Additional evidence is required to resolve these conflicts, but a critical role for ZP3 in sperm binding in the mouse is unequivocal. ZP-sperm binding in other mammals is not as well characterized, but there are clearly taxonomic differences in the way that ZP proteins interact with sperm (Sinowatz et al, 2001;Nixon et al, 2007).…”

Section: Evolution Of Zp3 In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and consequences of the evolution of reproductive proteins

Turner

Hoekstra²

2008

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

109

154

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Proteins involved in reproduction often evolve rapidly, raising the possibility that changes in these proteins contribute to reproductive isolation between species. We review the evidence for rapid and adaptive change in reproductive proteins in animals, focusing on studies in recently diverged vertebrates. We identify common patterns and point out promising directions for future research. In particular, we highlight the ways that integrating the different but complementary approaches of evolutionary and developmental biology will provide new insights into fertilization processes.

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“…During the early phase of follicle development (primordial and primary follicles) the proteins are produced by the developing oocyte. During later stages the contribution of the follicles cells increases, whereas the synthesis rate in the oocyte continuously decreases (reviewed by Sinowatz et al, 2001). Immature oocytes collected from tertiary follicles (3-5mm) are commonly used after in vitro maturation for IVF experiments in the pig.…”

Section: The Zona Pellucida Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycobiology of fertilization in the pig

Töpfer‐Petersen¹,

Ekhlasi-Hundrieser²,

Tsolova³

2008

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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By adopting internal fertilization, the meeting of both gametes -the sperm and the egg -and thus the highly coordinated sequence of interactions leading to fertilization, occur in the female reproductive tract. In mammals, the oviduct has been shown to translate the requirements of the female, coordinating sperm activation (capacitation) and sperm transport with the arrival of the ovulated egg. A hierarchy of carbohydrate-based interactions accompanies these events ranging from the binding of uncapacitated sperm to the oviductal epithelium (establishment of the female sperm reservoir), to the primary and secondary binding processes contributing to gamete recognition and sperm penetration of the oocyte zona pellucida. The current perspective will focus on the carbohydrate-recognition systems in the binding events during fertilization in the pig. The roles of the major carbohydrate-binding proteins, the spermadhesins and the acrosomal serine proteinase, pro/acrosin are discussed under consideration of recent structural data. The glycans and the glycoproteins of the porcine oviduct with a focus on the candidate sperm receptors as well as the zona pellucida N-glycans of prepuberal pigs have been characterized by a mass spectrometric approach. Furthermore, some preliminary data supporting the hypothesis that the zona pellucida has to undergo a maturation process during oocyte development are presented. KEY WORDS: gamete interaction, spermadhesin, acrosin, zona pellucida, glycoprotein, glycan A short review of mammalian fertilizationThe fertilization of an egg by a sperm is the fundamental event in life, as it culminates in the creation of a new individual. In mammals, the meeting of the fertilizing competent sperm and the ovulated egg is the beginning of a highly coordinated sequence of cellular interactions between the haploid gametes, which leads to the formation of the diploid zygote and initiates embryonic development.The first contact between sperm and egg takes place at the outer surface of the surrounding extracellular matrix of the egg, the zona pellucida (ZP). By binding to distinct oligosaccharides of the ZP glycoproteins, the fertilizing sperm recognizes the egg. Upon anchoring the sperm to the egg through the ZP carbohydrates the signaling cascade leading to acrosomal exocytosis of the sperm is activated allowing the sperm to pass through the zona pellucida. The acrosome-reacted sperm in the end interacts and fuses with the egg plasma membrane, which in turn enables the egg to complete meiosis, to initiate the mechanisms to prevent Int.

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Biosynthesis and Expression of Zona pellucida Glycoproteins in Mammals

Cited by 57 publications

References 73 publications

Towards the Molecular Basis of Sperm and Egg Interaction during Mammalian Fertilization

Towards the Molecular Basis of Sperm and Egg Interaction during Mammalian Fertilization

Causes and consequences of the evolution of reproductive proteins

Glycobiology of fertilization in the pig

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