Biosynthesis and characterisation of solid lipid nanoparticles and investigation of toxicity against breast cancer cell line

Abstract

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) comprise non-toxic surface-active lipidic agents combined with appropriate ratios of drugs or essential oils. The goal of this research was to investigate the effects of the SLN synthesised using essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. SLNs were prepared by homogenisation and ultrasound techniques and characterised by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential assessment, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT assay), flow-cytometry, and Acridine-Orange assay were employed for assessing the biological activities of the SLNs. The average particle size was 55.43 nm and the net surface charge was −29.54 ± 11.67 mV. TEM showed that the mean particle size was 33.55 nm and the synthesised SLNs had a uniform round morphology. The MTT assay showed that the prepared SLNs had high toxicity against MCF-7 cells and low toxicity against normal HUVECs cells. Flowcytometry revealed a noteworthy rise in the subG1 peak of the cell cycle in the cancer cells treated with SLNs compared to the controls, indicating apoptosis in cancer cells. The results also showed discolouration in SLNs-treated cells, which further confirmed the induction of apoptosis and the toxicity of the SLNs against MCF-7 cells.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Satureja khuzistanica Essential Oil-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Modified With Chitosan-Folate: Evaluation of Encapsulation Efficiency, Cytotoxic and Pro-apoptotic Properties

“…In this study, it was shown that treatment with nanoparticles in macrophage cells caused an imbalance in Bax/Bcl-2 expression as well as increased Caspase3 plus PARP expression ( Liang et al, 2019 ). In a study in 2021, the effect of SLN-NPs loaded with Foeniculum vulgare essential oil on MCF-7 cancer cells by stopping cells in the Sub-G1 phase was confirmed by flow cytometry ( Sharifalhoseini et al, 2021 ), which is similar to the present study.…”

“…Comparison of encapsulation efficiency of essential oil shows that in SEO-SCF-NPs, the loading rate is higher than FMO-SLNs, which is probably due to surface changes of SEO-SCF-NPs. In another study in 2021, SLN-NPs containing Foeniculum vulgar e essential oil with a size of 55.43 nm and a surface charge of −29.54 mV were synthesized ( Sharifalhoseini et al, 2021 ), which is smaller than SEO-SCF-NPs and has a negative surface charge. The differences can be attributed to the coating of SEO-SCF-NPs with CS-FA.…”

Effects of solid lipid nanocarrier containing methyl urolithin A by coating folate-bound chitosan and evaluation of its anti-cancer activity

“…Cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of SLN-containing drugs or surface-modified nanoparticles have been reported in various studies [ 46 – 48 ]. The pro-apoptotic effect of SLN-containing Foeniculum vulgare plant extract on MCF-7 cancer cells was investigated [ 49 ]. In 2019, Liang et al reported the pro-apoptotic effect of SLN nanoparticles by activating the internal pathways of apoptosis and disrupting the cell cycle.…”

Review targeted drug delivery systems for norcantharidin in cancer therapy

“…Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN) is a solid colloidal drug delivery system with a particle size of 10-1000 nm formed by solid natural or synthetic lipid-encapsulated drugs. It is the first generation of lipid nanoparticles [ 73 ]. It can effectively improve the solubility and bioavailability of NCTD.…”