Biosurfactants versus Chemically Synthesized Surface-Active Agents

doi:10.1201/b17599-5

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“…An attempt to chemically synthesize mono-rhamnolipid, that is naturally produced as α - l -rhamnopyranosyl- R-β -hydroxydecanoyl- R-β- hydroxydecanoate, resulted in the inevitable co-production of three other diastereomers with different configurations of the β -hydroxyl groups ( R,R; R,S: S,S; S,R ) and different surface activities [234] , [235] , [236] . Second, certain ecological/health issues are associated with synthetic approaches that most probably involve the use of non-sustainable petrochemical substrates and generate toxic waste products [237] . Thirdly, the biodegradability and toxicity issues of co-produced new-to-nature SGLs diastereomers require attention and investigation.…”

Section: Metabolic Engineering Of Simple Glycolipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple glycolipids of microbes: Chemistry, biological activity and metabolic engineering

Abdel-Mawgoud

Stephanopoulos

2018

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

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Glycosylated lipids (GLs) are added-value lipid derivatives of great potential. Besides their interesting surface activities that qualify many of them to act as excellent ecological detergents, they have diverse biological activities with promising biomedical and cosmeceutical applications. Glycolipids, especially those of microbial origin, have interesting antimicrobial, anticancer, antiparasitic as well as immunomodulatory activities. Nonetheless, GLs are hardly accessing the market because of their high cost of production. We believe that experience of metabolic engineering (ME) of microbial lipids for biofuel production can now be harnessed towards a successful synthesis of microbial GLs for biomedical and other applications. This review presents chemical groups of bacterial and fungal GLs, their biological activities, their general biosynthetic pathways and an insight on ME strategies for their production.

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