Biosorption of heavy metal ions from the aqueous solutions using groundnut shell activated carbon: batch adsorption, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

Abstract

<p>Batch adsorption studies of heavy metals were carried out using activated charcoal groundnut shell powder as an adsorbent material. The groundnut shell was collected and synthesized by chemical synthesis to convert it into charcoal form. The prepared adsorbent’s pore size & surface area was analyzed by BET surface analysis using N2 – adsorption & desorption process. XRD techniques analyzed the crystalline structure of charcoal adsorbent, and the functional groups & behaviour of the surface were analyzed through FTIR, SEM, and EDX analysis. The optimum adsorption parameters of pH, temperature, time of contact between adsorbent and adsorbate, groundnut shell dose, and metal ion concentrations were obtained from the batch studies, and the mass transfer mechanism and rate-controlling step was identified by isotherm and kinetic studies. Thermodynamic studies confirm the endothermic nature of the adsorption process between adsorbent and adsorbate, and the spent metal ions have been recovered using concentrated sulfuric acid.</p>

Research on the Preparation of Biochar from Waste and Its Application in Environmental Remediation

“…In addition to the main crops mentioned above, there are many other materials that can be used to prepare biomass. For example, peanut shells, bagasse, and its biochar can be used as adsorption materials and show good adsorption properties [38,39].…”

“…The Figure 3 below shows the mechanism for the removal of methyl bromide from the composite material under light irradiation [112]. Similarly, researchers can choose from a variety of modifications to catalyse degradation, such as combinations with metal oxides, magnetic materials and Bi oxides, all of which can be used to degrade substances [6,38]. Unlike other applications, biochar can also be an activator, activating persulphates to degrade pollutants.…”