Biosorption of Cd(II) on jatropha fruit coat and seed coat

Abstract

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) seed coat (JSC) and fruit coat (JFC) were investigated for adsorption of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. JFC and JSC fine powders were characterized using FTIR and SEM which indicated that both the adsorbents have high surface area, pore space on their surface, and anionic sites for metal ion binding. Batch adsorption study was conducted to study the effect of adsorption time, agitation speed, and initial concentration of Cd(II) ion, pH, and temperature on the adsorption of Cd(II) by adsorbents. The equilibrium isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the adsorption process were studied. Adsorption equilibrium followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption capacity (Q m ) of Cd(II) on JSC and JFC were 22.83 and 21.97 mg g(-1), respectively. The adsorption of Cd(II) on JSC and JFC is endothermic in nature. The change of free energy (∆G) of the biosorption of Cd(II) on JSC ranged from -37.05 to -40.54 kJ mol(-1) and for JFC -34.50 to -37.35 kJ mol(-1). The enthalpy change (∆H) and entropy change (∆S) was 15.84 kJ mol(-1) and -0.17 kJ mol(-1) K(-1) for JSC and 8.77 kJ mol(-1) and -0.14 kJ mol(-1) K(-1) for JFC. Elovich model provided a better correlation of the experimental data in comparison with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The study indicated that JFC and JSC have good adsorption capacity for Cd(II).

Evaluation and remediation protocol of selected organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in industrial wastewater using nanoparticles (NPs) in Nigeria

“…This hazardous metal ion commonly finds its way into the water bodies via fertilizer runoff from farmlands, waste batteries, paints, alloys, coal combustion, printing, pulp, refineries, steel smelting and electroplating industries 63 . Different sicknesses caused by medium and acute cadmium exposure include hypertension, renal damage, liver and kidney damage, lung inefficiency, initiation of cancer growth and calcium depletion in bones 64 , 65 . These concentrations were lower than the levels of Cd (0.065 ± 0.001 mg L −1 ) as reported by Bawa‑Allah 66 and higher than the concentration of Cd (0.12 mg L −1 ) that was reported by Agoro 67 .…”

Comparison of Arsenate Adsorption from Neutral pH Aqueous Solutions Using Two Different Iron-Trimesate Porous Solids: Kinetics, Equilibrium Isotherms, and Synchrotron X-Ray Absorption Experiments

“…Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are among the most used models for describing adsorption equilibrium, and although relatively simplistic, parameters extracted from appropriate fitting of experimental data allow for meaningful comparison between different materials [51][52][53]. Batch experiments were conducted in order to determine the contact time required to reach adsorption equilibrium, and data was evaluated using different kinetic models (e.g., pseudofirst-and second-order) [51,52]. Adsorption experiments were carried using different initial arsenate concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 80 mg/L with an adsorbent dose of 45.0 mg/L, at 25 °C for 48 h with fixed pH = 7.0 (see ESI for further details).…”

Insights of microorganisms role in rice and rapeseed wastes as potential sorbents for metal removal

“…One of the types of biosorption HM removal technologies, which consists of the use of nonliving biological materials, has recently emerged as a cost-effective, eco-friendly and simple alternative to remove toxic HMs from water or to render these pollutants harmless (Senthil Kumar and Gunasundari 2018;Calderón et al 2020). Therefore, nonliving and metabolically inactive biomaterials from plants have been increasingly studied (Jain et al 2015;Zhao et al 2020). In particular, rice (Oryza sativa L., RO), which is the staple food for more than 50% of the world's population (Zhou et al 2014), and rapeseed (Brassica napus L., LO), which is an oilseed crop and the second largest source of vegetable oil (FAO 2014), are both widely planted in Hunan Province, China.…”