This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Pattern Recognition . Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Pattern Recognition , 48, 9 (2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2015.03.019On-line signature verification still remains a challenging task within biometrics. Due to their behavioral nature (opposed
to anatomic biometric traits), signatures present a notable variability even between successive realizations. This
leads to higher error rates than other largely used modalities such as iris or fingerprints and is one of the main reasons
for the relatively slow deployment of this technology. As a step towards the improvement of signature recognition
accuracy, the present paper explores and evaluates a novel approach that takes advantage of the performance boost
that can be reached through the fusion of on-line and off-line signatures. In order to exploit the complementarity of the
two modalities, we propose a method for the generation of enhanced synthetic static samples from on-line data. Such
synthetic off-line signatures are used on a new on-line signature recognition architecture based on the combination
of both types of data: real on-line samples and artificial off-line signatures synthesized from the real data. The new
on-line recognition approach is evaluated on a public benchmark containing both real versions (on-line and off-line) of
the exact same signatures. Different findings and conclusions are drawn regarding the discriminative power of on-line
and off-line signatures and of their potential combination both in the random and skilled impostors scenarios.M. D.-C. is supported by a PhD fellowship from the
ULPGC and M.G.-B. is supported by a FPU fellowship
from the Spanish MECD. This work has been partially
supported by projects: MCINN TEC2012-38630-
C04-02, Bio-Shield (TEC2012-34881) from Spanish
MINECO, BEAT (FP7-SEC-284989) from EU, CECABANK
and Cátedra UAM-Telefónic