Biosafety and biosecurity in the era of biotechnology: The Middle East region

Epidemiology, biosafety, and biosecurity of Avian Influenza: Insights from the East Mediterranean region

“…Throughout the Middle East, attempts to control and confine endemic viruses and threats face pivotal obstacles in successfully eradicating some diseases. [116][117][118][119][120][121] Middle Eastern countries are known for their densely populated communities and lack of biosafety education among ordinary citizens. As a hotspot for thousands or millions of tourists and religious pilgrims, 122 countries such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Palestine demonstrated the significance of the disease transmission rates of the avian influenza virus.…”

“…Throughout the Middle East, attempts to control and confine endemic viruses and threats face pivotal obstacles in successfully eradicating some diseases 116–121 . Middle Eastern countries are known for their densely populated communities and lack of biosafety education among ordinary citizens.…”