Bioremediation of Wastewater by Iron Oxide-Biochar Nanocomposites Loaded with Photosynthetic Bacteria

Abstract

It has been reported that bacteria-mediated degradation of contaminants is a practical and innocuous wastewater treatment. In addition, iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) are wastewater remediation agents with great potentials due to their strong adsorption capacity, chemical inertness and superparamagnetism. Therefore, a combination of NPs and microbes could produce a very desirable alternative to conventional wastewater treatment. For this purpose, we first prepared Fe3O4/biochar nano-composites, followed by loading photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) onto them. It was found that Fe3O4/biochar nano-composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity for PSB (5.45 × 109 cells/g). The efficiency of wastewater pollutants removal by this PSB/Fe3O4/biochar agent was then analyzed. Our results indicated that when loaded onto Fe3O4/biochar nano-composites, PSB’s nutrient removal capability was significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). This agent removed 83.1% of chemical oxygen demand, 87.5% of NH4+, and 92.1% of PO43- from the wastewater in our study. Our experiments also demonstrated that such composites are outstanding recyclable agents. Their nutrient removal capability remained effective even after five cycles. In conclusion, we found the PSB/Fe3O4/biochar composites as a very promising material for bioremediation in the wastewater treatment.

Preferential adsorption of flavonoids from peanut shell by amino‐modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP‐NH2)

“…With the rapid development of nanoscience, various magnetic nanomaterials have been successfully synthesized and used in magnetic storage media, biosensors, drug transport vehicles and sewage treatment as well as other fields because of their considerable performance . Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles have attracted wide attention because of their relatively simple structure, low cost, low toxicity, predictable structure and high surface area, offering good adsorption properties .…”

Enhancement the rhodamine 6G adsorption property on Fe3O4-composited biochar derived from rice husk

“…The first Fe(OH) 3 and then Fe(OH) 2 were precipitated onto the biochar surface and the Fe(OH) 2 can be oxidized to Fe(OH) 3 by dissolved oxygen as well. These processes lead to the formation of mixed iron oxide/hydroxide (FeOOH) and magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) during the pyrolysis condition [9,[34][35][36]. Furthermore, the broad band at ∼20°-30°indicates that the majority of biochar remains as amorphous in the MB nanocomposite materials.…”

Organic matter removal via activated sludge immobilized gravel in fixed bed reactor

“…Gravel is one of the natural materials that has been underutilized even though it exhibited potentials to be a low-cost, effective adsorbent in wastewater treatment. Several studies have shown that gravel exhibited high adsorption capacities towards nitrogen, phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC),metal ions, and some bacteria [2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…The biodegradation is suggested as a low-cost and efficient technique to degrade the organic pollutants from wastewater [5,[7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among different biologic treatment systems, biofilter/biorector systems utilizing immobilization of microorganism on different media were studied extensively to remove phenol, chlorophenol, dichlorophenol, quinoline, phthalic acid esters, nitrogen, heavy metals, and azo dye [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”