Bioremediation of The Crude Oil Contamination of Soil by The Indigenous, Herbaceous Plant Salicorniaeuropea in Iran

Abstract

Background: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most important environmental contaminants all over the world where wide studies have been conducted on their hazards on environment and living organisms, especially human. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the quantitative uptake of Phenanthrene ' s (as one of the most important PAHs in crude oil) by Salicorniaeuropea and also the effectiveness of crude oil content on normal condition of this plant especially at various concentrations. Materials and Methods: Salicornia plantlets were taken from Eshtehard plant bank which is located in Karaj, Alborz, Iran. They were transplanted and exposed to various t concentrations of crude oil (4.5-16-27.5-32-36.5 g/kg soil). Spectrophotometery and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy methods were used to determine and identify the phenanthrene uptake in roots and stalks, also the plants' appearance were checked out. Results: The highest uptake was at eight mg crude oil, per 1 g of soil and the least uptake was at 13.75 mg crude oil, per 1 g of soil. It seems that physical characteristics of crude oil are the main reasons of damages to plant tissue. Conclusions: Concerning the ability of Salicorniaeuropea to survive in the contaminated areas, it might be suitable that endemic types of this plant would be cultivated in contaminated coast lines.

The effects of petroleum-contaminated soil on photosynthesis of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings

“…Consequently, phytoremediation gradually becomes a preferred method in recent decades. Selecting suitable species is the basis for applying & G. Han zxphg@nwsuaf.edu.cn 1 phytoremediation, thus many researchers have devoted themselves to screening crop or other herbaceous species which are suitable to be planted in petroleum-contaminated soil (Brandt et al 2006;Ghazisaeedi et al 2014;Pérez-Hernández et al 2013;Wei and Pan 2010;Xu et al 2013). Many species have been found to exhibit favorable abilities to remove petroleum contaminants, such as Lolium multiflorum, Zea mays, Medicago sativa, Sorghum vulgae (Kaimi et al 2007), Brachiaria brizantha (Merkl et al 2005), Poa foliosa (Bramley-Alves et al 2014) and Mirabilis Jalapa (Peng et al 2009).…”

Response of Nutrient Release of Periploca sepium Litter to Soil Petroleum Contamination

“…In addition, petroleum has also exhibited acute physiological toxicity to plants, resulting in the degradation of plant communities and decreasing their biodiversity . Meanwhile, researchers have also discovered many plant species exhibiting favorable tolerance to petroleum contamination, and some species show potential to remediate contaminated soils by transferring or decomposing the contaminants . Attempts have been made to utilize these species for improving the environment of petroleum‐contaminated areas or for phytoremediation of the contaminated soils.…”