Bioremediation of soil contaminated crude oil by Agaricomycetes

Abstract

BackgroundOne of the most important environmental problems is the decontamination of petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soil, particularly in the oil-rich country. Bioremediation is the most effective way to remove these pollutants in the soil.Spent mushroom compost has great ability to decompose lignin-like pollution. The purpose of this study was the bioremediation of soil contaminated with crude oil by an Agaricomycetes.MethodsSoil sample amended with spent mushroom compost into 3%, 5% and 10% (w/w) with or without fertilizer. Ecotoxicity germination test was conducted with Lipidium sativa.ResultsThe amplified fragment (18 s rDNA) sequence of this mushroom confirmed that the strain belonged to Pleurotus ostreatus species with complete homology (100% identity). All tests experiment sets were effective at supporting the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil after three months. Petroleum contaminated soil amended with Spent mushroom compost 10% and fertilizer removed 64.7% of total petroleum hydrocarbons compared control. The germination index (%) in ecotoxicity tests ranged from 60.4 to 93.8%.ConclusionsThis showed that the petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil amended with 10% Spent mushroom compost had higher bioremediation ability and reduced soil toxicity in less than three months.

Metagenomics Study of the Microbes in Constructed Wetland System Treating Sewage

“…Tremellomycetes is reported to be present in flocular and granular sludge, it is unculturable and dominant in polar arctic circle bioreactors [32]. Agaricomycetes class is capable of degrading pharmaceutical active compounds and bioremediation of crude oil contaminated site [33]. Orbiliomycetes and Pezizomycetes are involved in the process of organic composting and cattle farm waste composting respectively.…”

Bioremediation of soils contaminated with petroleum solid wastes and drill cuttings by Pleurotus sp. under different treatment scales

“…For example, the resins influence the structural stability of petroleum, asphaltenes contain the highest molecular weight constituents in the crude [24], and aromatic compounds are very stable and resistant to biological degradation; these factors play a major role preventing biodegradation processes by microorganisms therefore, finding microbes capable to degradation of these fractions is valuable for the development of effective bioremediation strategies. These findings are not uncommon, for several studies support the role of Pleurotus for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in soil [25][26][27]. The degradative activity is often associated with the ability of fungi to produce extracellular hydrolases and oxidoreductases [28].…”

“…Several reports suggest that the Pleurotus genus can effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons in the presence of diverse indigenous microflora [27,34]. In this study, we tested the behavior of four strains of Pleurotus sp.…”

Mycoremediation in Soil

“…The bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil by an unidentified Agaricomycetes was demonstrated in the work of [93]. The addition of 10% of spent mushroom compost (SMC) allowed to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons over a short period of time.…”