Biorefining of Lignocellulosic Feedstock by a Modified Ammonia Fiber Expansion Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Production of Fermentable Sugars

Kamm, Birgit; Leiß, Sebastian; Schönicke, Petra; Bierbaum, Matthias

doi:10.1002/cssc.201601511

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, Miscanthus was pretreated by AFEX under the desirable conditions involving ammonia-to-biomass loading of 2:1 (w/w), reaction temperature of 160°C, water content of 233%, reaction time of 5 min, and enzymatic hydrolysis time of 168 h ( Murnen et al, 2008 ). Besides, AFEX treatment of wheat straw could be carried out with aqueous ammonia (25% w/v) in replacement of liquid ammonia as well, giving 90% conversion rates ( Kamm et al, 2017 ). Furthermore, AFEX was used for the pretreatment of rice straw, and the sugar loss was less than 3% ( Zhong et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Ammonia Fiber Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Pretreatment of Straw Biomass for Sugar Production

Tan

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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Straw biomass is an inexpensive, sustainable, and abundant renewable feedstock for the production of valuable chemicals and biofuels, which can surmount the main drawbacks such as greenhouse gas emission and environmental pollution, aroused from the consumption of fossil fuels. It is rich in organic content but is not sufficient for extensive applications because of its natural recalcitrance. Therefore, suitable pretreatment is a prerequisite for the efficient production of fermentable sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. Here, we provide an overview of various pretreatment methods to effectively separate the major components such as hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin and enhance the accessibility and susceptibility of every single component. This review outlines the diverse approaches (e.g., chemical, physical, biological, and combined treatments) for the excellent conversion of straw biomass to fermentable sugars, summarizes the benefits and drawbacks of each pretreatment method, and proposes some investigation prospects for the future pretreatments.

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Section: Ammonia Fiber Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Pretreatment of Straw Biomass for Sugar Production

Tan

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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“…For example, a modified AFEX process using dilute aqueous ammonia solution is simpler and less expensive than the original process. 50 Pretreatment is generally conducted in water, in which the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are present as suspended solids. The use of alternative reaction media that (partially) dissolve these polymeric substrates could have processing advantages.…”

Section: Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, process improvements continue to be made. For example, a modified AFEX process using dilute aqueous ammonia solution is simpler and less expensive than the original process …”

Section: Hydrolysis (Saccharification) Of Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Road to Biorenewables: Carbohydrates to Commodity Chemicals

Sheldon

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

136

106

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The pressing need for climate change mitigation has focused attention on reducing global emissions of carbon dioxide by effectuating the transition from fossil-based chemicals manufacture to a carbon neutral alternative based on lignocellulosic waste. The first step involves fractionation of the lignocellulose into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Subsequently, a cellulase enzyme cocktail is used to catalyze the hydrolysis of the polysaccharides into their constituent sugars. This is followed by selective conversion of the carbohydrates into commodity chemicals using a variety of sustainable bio-and chemocatalytic methodologies. These include, inter alia, fermentative production of alcohols, diols, and carboxylic acids and a variety of chemocatalytic reductions and oxidations. Hence, the transition from fossil feedstocks to lignocellulose represents a switch from hydrocarbons to carbohydrates as the primary basic chemicals. To compare these renewable biomass-based routes with their petrochemical equivalents, it is necessary to develop reliable sustainability metrics.

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“…The current method of choice is enzymatic hydrolysis [54] in which a pre-treatment step, such as a steam explosion, ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX) [55] or lime treatment, is required to open up the recalcitrant lignocellulose structure and render the targeted glycoside (ether) and ester bonds accessible to the enzyme cocktails [56][57][58].…”

Section: Primary Conversion Of First and Second Generation Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocatalysis and biomass conversion: enabling a circular economy

Sheldon

2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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This paper is based on a lecture presented to the Royal Society in London on 24 June 2019. Two of the grand societal and technological challenges of the twenty-first century are the ‘greening' of chemicals manufacture and the ongoing transition to a sustainable, carbon neutral economy based on renewable biomass as the raw material, a so-called bio-based economy. These challenges are motivated by the need to eliminate environmental degradation and mitigate climate change. In a bio-based economy, ideally waste biomass, particularly agricultural and forestry residues and food supply chain waste, are converted to liquid fuels, commodity chemicals and biopolymers using clean, catalytic processes. Biocatalysis has the right credentials to achieve this goal. Enzymes are biocompatible, biodegradable and essentially non-hazardous. Additionally, they are derived from inexpensive renewable resources which are readily available and not subject to the large price fluctuations which undermine the long-term commercial viability of scarce precious metal catalysts. Thanks to spectacular advances in molecular biology the landscape of biocatalysis has dramatically changed in the last two decades. Developments in (meta)genomics in combination with ‘big data’ analysis have revolutionized new enzyme discovery and developments in protein engineering by directed evolution have enabled dramatic improvements in their performance. These developments have their confluence in the bio-based circular economy. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Science to enable the circular economy'.

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Biorefining of Lignocellulosic Feedstock by a Modified Ammonia Fiber Expansion Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Production of Fermentable Sugars

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Advances in Pretreatment of Straw Biomass for Sugar Production

Advances in Pretreatment of Straw Biomass for Sugar Production

The Road to Biorenewables: Carbohydrates to Commodity Chemicals

Biocatalysis and biomass conversion: enabling a circular economy

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