Bioprospecting of Extremophiles for Biotechnology Applications

Rathinam, Navanietha Krishnaraj; Sani, Rajesh K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74459-9_1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…The enzymes involved in lipid metabolism may be significantly altered by gene expression levels, since they depend on environmental conditions (D'Alessandro and Antoniosi Filho ). The use of extremophiles/extremozymes helps to broaden the range of operating conditions and to overcome the limitations of traditional bioprocesses (Rathinam and Sani ). According to their high market values, pigments are considered as the algal products of highest potential for commercial success in a not too distant future (Koller et al.…”

Section: Products and Applications Of Extremophile Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, few extremophiles/extremozymes have found their way into large-scale applications in the field of biotechnology (Elleuche et al 2014, Coker 2016. The extremophiles have shown to be promising for the production of biofuels, biopolymers and value-added products, cosmetics industry, food supplement, medical applications (production of antibiotics, antifungals, and antitumor molecules), waste water treatment, and for bioremediation of recalcitrant compounds (Niehaus et al 1999, Bhalla et al 2013, Coker 2016, Rathinam and Sani 2018, Patel et al 2019.…”

Section: Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Extremophile Microalgae: the potential for biotechnological application

Malavasi

Soru

Cao

2020

Journal of Phycology

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Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that use sunlight as an energy source, and convert water, carbon dioxide, and inorganic salts into algal biomass. The isolation and selection of microalgae, which allow one to obtain large amounts of biomass and valuable compounds, is a prerequisite for their successful industrial production. This work provides an overview of extremophile algae, where their ability to grow under harsh conditions and the corresponding accumulation of metabolites are addressed. Emphasis is placed on the high‐value products of some prominent algae. Moreover, the most recent applications of these microorganisms and their potential exploitation in the context of astrobiology are taken into account.

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Section: Products and Applications Of Extremophile Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Extremophile Microalgae: the potential for biotechnological application

Malavasi

Soru

Cao

2020

Journal of Phycology

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“…A number of cyanobacteria are regarded as extremophiles. They inhabit and thrive in one or more extremely environmental conditions, ranging from high temperature (thermophiles), high salinity (halophiles), strong acidic or basic pH (acidophiles or alkaliphiles) and high pressure (barophiles) (Rathinam & Sani, 2018). The characteristics of extremophilic cyanobacteria that allow them to overcome adverse conditions by having intrinsic characteristics of adaptive or stress-responsive proteins make them useful models for the study of enzymology.…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional analysis of glutathione s-transferase from the extremophile Halothece sp. PCC7418

Kortheerakul¹

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Glutathione S-transferase (GST) are a set of multifunctional enzymes encoded by large gene families. It has been functionally demonstrated that GSTs play vital roles in cellular detoxification, regulation of redox-dependent process, and stress responses. Although the GST gene family has been extensively studied across taxa, the function of the GST genes in primordial oxygenic phototrophs such as cyanobacteria is poorly understood. In this thesis, GSTs from extremophilic cyanobacterium Halothece sp. PCC7418 (hereafter Halothece GSTs) were identified and functionally characterized. The genome-based analysis showed that there were four GSTs in Halothece 7418 (GST_0647, GST _0729, GST _1478, and GST _3557). Phylogenetic relationship revealed that these cyanobacterial GSTs were highly divergent. GST _0647 and GST _1478 are paralogous genes while other two GSTs (GST_0729 and GST _3557) are distinct. These Halothece GSTs were cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli BL21. Stress tolerance of expressing cells were evaluated under salt and oxidative stresses. Amongst four expressing cells, the GST _3557 performed the greatest tolerance to oxidative and salt stresses. Viable cell count of GST_3557 under salt stress was higher than empty vector control approximately 18 folds. These results support the protective role and vital function of GST_3557 against abiotic stress in a heterologous expression system. Recombinant GST_3557 exhibited GST activity toward 1-chloro-2, 4- dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and glutathione (GSH) with a broad range of activity at pH 6.5–10.5. Kinetic parameters showed the apparent Km for CDNB and GSH was 0.14±0.02 and 0.74±0.29 mM, respectively. Thus, GST _3557 had high affinity for electrophilic substrate, CDNB. In case of peroxidase activity, GST _3557 did not perform activity in all our conditions tested. Results from this study provided insight into the molecular and cellular functions of cyanobacterial GST, which is less understood compared to other counterparts. These results contribute toward understanding the mechanism behind physiological plasticity under a heterologous expression system.

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Halomonas elongata: a microbial source of highly stable enzymes for applied biotechnology

Benítez‐Mateos

Paradisi

2023

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Extremophilic microorganisms, which are resistant to extreme levels of temperature, salinity, pH, etc., have become popular tools for biotechnological applications. Due to their availability and cost-efficacy, enzymes from extremophiles are getting the attention of researchers and industries in the field of biocatalysis to catalyze diverse chemical reactions in a selective and sustainable manner. In this mini-review, we discuss the advantages of Halomonas elongata as moderate halophilic bacteria to provide suitable enzymes for biotechnology. While enzymes from H. elongata are more resistant to the presence of salt compared to their mesophilic counterparts, they are also easier to produce in heterologous hosts compared with more extremophilic microorganisms. Herein, a set of different enzymes (hydrolases, transferases, and oxidoreductases) from H. elongata are showcased, highlighting their interesting properties as more efficient and sustainable biocatalysts. With this, we aim to improve the visibility of halotolerant enzymes and their uncommon properties to integrate biocatalysis in industrial set-ups. Keypoints • Production and use of halotolerant enzymes can be easier than strong halophilic ones. • Enzymes from halotolerant organisms are robust catalysts under harsh conditions. • Halomonas elongata has shown a broad enzyme toolbox with biotechnology applications.

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Bioprospecting of Extremophiles for Biotechnology Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 121 publications

Extremophile Microalgae: the potential for biotechnological application

Extremophile Microalgae: the potential for biotechnological application

Functional analysis of glutathione s-transferase from the extremophile Halothece sp. PCC7418

Halomonas elongata: a microbial source of highly stable enzymes for applied biotechnology

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