Bioprinting for vascular and vascularized tissue biofabrication

Abstract

Biofabrication of living tissues and organs at the clinically-relevant volumes vitally depends on the integration of vascular network. Despite the great progress in traditional biofabrication approaches, building perfusable hierarchical vascular network is a major challenge. Bioprinting is an emerging technology to fabricate design-specific tissue constructs due to its ability to create complex, heterocellular structures with anatomical precision, which holds a great promise in fabrication of vascular or vascularized tissues for transplantation use. Although a great progress has recently been made on building perfusable tissues and branched vascular network, a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art in vascular and vascularized tissue bioprinting has not reported so far. This contribution is thus significant because it discusses the use of three major bioprinting modalities in vascular tissue biofabrication for the first time in the literature and compares their strengths and limitations in details. Moreover, the use of scaffold-based and scaffold-free bioprinting is expounded within the domain of vascular tissue fabrication.

Bioprinting of osteochondral tissues: A perspective on current gaps and future trends

“…Based upon the mechanism of deposition, bioprinting can be defined in three broad categories-extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB), droplet-based bioprinting (DBB), and laser-based bioprinting (LBB)-the detailed mechanisms of which are available at several sources [55,56] . [57][58][59][60][61] . Thus, bio printing has attracted the attention of researchers working with the quest to devise improved solutions for osteochondral healing.…”

Dysregulation of autism-associated synaptic proteins by psychoactive pharmaceuticals at environmental concentrations

“…While several studies found that genetic factors such as mutations in candidate genes (high and low susceptibility) and copy number variations (CNV) [3–6] might impact risk for ASD, these factors are responsible for only 2–3% of ASD cases [7, 8]. …”

“…We identified that synaptic proteins were significantly up- and down-regulated in fish brains (Table 1). The protein products of these genes are known to play a key role in synaptogenesis, and are also found to be associated with ASD [3, 21, 22]. …”

Current developments in 3D bioprinting for tissue engineering

“…However, one of the biggest challenges of whole-organ engineering is that to create clinically relevant tissue, it needs to be vascularised [53]. Therefore, it is not remarkable that using bioprinting to create blood vessels, or vascularised tissue is a hot topic of research [54].…”