Biophysics of the leading lamella

Oster, George

doi:10.1002/cm.970100121

Cited by 50 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…4a). Therefore, pressure-based force (Oster 1988;Condeelis 1993) may be favored for rapid protrusive motility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of selenium-binding protein at the tips of rapidly extending protrusions

Miyaguchi

2004

Histochemistry and Cell Biology

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Cell protrusive motility underlies cell fundamental biological processes such as cell growth, locomotion, and migration. Here I showed that selenium-binding protein (SBP) was exclusively located at the leading edges of rapidly growing protrusions in newly plated T98G glioma cells, and at the growing tips of the neurites in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Double staining by anti-SBP antibody and deoxyribonuclease (DNase I) that labels monomeric G-actin or phalloidin that labels filamentous F-actin showed that the SBP-positive area was overstained by DNase I but, surprisingly, was not stained by phalloidin. When the cells were incubated with chemicals which block actin polymerization or activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, recruitment of SBP and G-actin at the cell margin was still observed, showing that their recruitment precedes actin polymerization. Taken together, I suggest that SBP may be involved in the initial sequential events in rapid cell outgrowth, such as determining direction of cell outgrowth and recruitment of actin monomer.

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“…4a). Therefore, pressure-based force (Oster 1988;Condeelis 1993) may be favored for rapid protrusive motility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of selenium-binding protein at the tips of rapidly extending protrusions

Miyaguchi

2004

Histochemistry and Cell Biology

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“…On the other hand, cortical contraction [Taylor and Condeelis, 1979;Bray and White, 1988;Spudich, 1989;Fukui and Yumura, 19861 appears to play a major role in general cell retraction at the end of the second phase which results in the ellipsoidal morphology. It has been proposed that cellular translocation involves anterior expansion and then anterior adhesion to the substratum which acts as an anchor for retraction of the posterior portion of the cell anteriorly [Oster, 1988;Cassimeris and Zigmond, 19901. However, the 3-dimensional description presented here suggests that this model may be insufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional motility cycle in leukocytes

Murray¹,

Vawter‐Hugart²,

Voss³

et al. 1992

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

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A 3-dimensional dynamic image analyzing system (3D-DIAS) has been developed in which a translocating cell is optically sectioned in the z-axis within a 2 sec period; the perimeter of the cell in each section is digitized into the 3D-DIAS data file, and the digitized perimeters are wrapped in order to reconstruct the cell image in three dimensions. Using 3D-DIAS, we have obtained the first dynamic 3-dimensional description of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) translocating on a glass surface. A general behavior cycle has emerged which includes two phases. In the first, an ellipsoidal PMN with significant z-axis extends anteriorly and descends to the substratum. When the ventral surface of the anterior end contacts the substratum, there is rapid anterior expansion, which correlates with velocity peaks. In the second phase, the elongate PMN stops translocating along the substratum, the anterior end lifts off of the substratum, sometimes to heights greater than the length of the PMN at the substratum, and finally the PMN retracts into an ellipsoidal morphology still capable of random protrusions. During this second phase, which correlates with velocity troughs, turning usually occurs. The degree of turning is restricted by the continuous integrity of the posterior uropod. The period of the behavior cycle varies from roughly 0.5 to 2 min between PMNs, but is relatively constant within each individual PMN.

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“…Several mechanisms are suggested for generation of the protrusive force for pseudopod extension in locomoting cells. They include actin filament elongation [Cooper, 1991;Peskin et al, 1993;Cramer et al, 1994], hydrostatic pressure thought to be generated by cortical contractions giving rise to pseudopod formation at weak sites at the front [Mast, 1926;Komnick et al, 1973;DiPasquale, 1975;Harris, 1990;Bereiter-Hahn et al, 1981;BereiterHahn and Strohmeier, 1987;Keller, 1994] and/or gel swelling pressure involving osmotic expansion by solation of the actin network through water influx at the tip of the lamella [Oster, 1988;Oster andPerelson, 1987, 1994], lipid or membrane flow involving endocytosisexocytosis-mediated recycling of membrane components [Bretscher, 1988[Bretscher, , 1989 or cell-substratum adhesiveness [Carter, 1965].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suppression of bleb formation, locomotion, and polarity of walker carcinosarcoma cells by hypertonic media correlates with cell volume reduction but not with changes in the F-actin content

Fedier

Keller

1997

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

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The putative role of cellular or solvent volume in protrusive activity and locomotion has been investigated in blebbing Walker carcinosarcoma cells using hypertonic media. Blebbing, locomotion, and cell polarity are completely suppressed by 0.2 M sorbitol. The response occurs in two steps. In a first step, i.e. within 10 sec after the addition of sorbitol, blebbing and locomotion are inhibited and this is associated with an average cell volume reduction by 17% (corresponding to a reduction in solvent volume by 38%). It clearly precedes suppression of cell polarity (pre‐existing protrusions, tail) occurring in a second step within 5 to 10 min after addition of sorbitol without additional reduction in the cell or solvent volume. The relative amount of F‐actin does not correlate with the decrease in cell volume, suppression of blebbing, locomotion, and cell polarity. A significant decrease in the relative amount of F‐actin is found only at volume reductions which are higher than those required to completely suppress blebbing, locomotion, and cell polarity. F‐actin staining occurs preferentially along the cell membrane in isotonic as well as in hypertonic media. The results are best compatible with the hypothesis that hydrostatic pressure rather than actin polymerization at the front is the direct force driving the membrane forward during bleb formation. Cells with lamellipodia show a similar response to hypertonic media, suggesting that basically similar mechanisms may operate in both forms of protrusions. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 37:326–337, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Biophysics of the leading lamella

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

Localization of selenium-binding protein at the tips of rapidly extending protrusions

Localization of selenium-binding protein at the tips of rapidly extending protrusions

Three‐dimensional motility cycle in leukocytes

Suppression of bleb formation, locomotion, and polarity of walker carcinosarcoma cells by hypertonic media correlates with cell volume reduction but not with changes in the F-actin content

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