Biophysical matter in a marine estuary identified by the Sentinel-3B OLCI satellite and the presence of terrestrial iron (Fe) nanoparticles

Abstract

The analysis of marine matter using the Sentinel-3B OLCI (Ocean Land Color Instrument) satellite is the most advanced technique for evaluating: the absorption of colored detrital and dissolved material (ADG_443_NN), total suspended matter concentration (TSM_NN) and of chlorophyll-a (CHL_NN) on a global scale. The objective is to analyze ADG_443_NN, TSM_NN and CHL_NN using the Sentinel-3B OLCI satellite and the presence of Fe-nanoparticles (NPs) + hazardous elements (HEs) in suspended sediments (SSs) in the maritime estuary of the Colombian city of Barranquilla. The study used the unpublished image of the Sentinel-3B OLCI satellite in the evaluation of ADG_443_NN, TSM_NN and CHL_NN in 72 sampled points. Subsequently, 36 samples of SSs were carried out in the Magdalena River, in the identification of Fe-NPs by advanced electron microscopies. The Sentinel-3B satellite revealed particulate accumulations in OCE1 through the intensity of OLCI in ocean. There was also a high Fe-NPs intensity of SSs in the Magdalena channel, spreading contamination to large regions.

Indoor Nanoparticle Characterization in Construction Waste Recycling Companies over Time

“…This does not mean that such dense minerals remain in suspension for a long time, however, as more than 80% of the particles that contained such minerals were NPs less than 50 nm, the risk to health, especially of workers in such stages, is greater than in the other stages, where there is no emission of such heavy minerals. It should be noted that many iron nanominerals contained potentially toxic elements such as As, Se, Sb, and W. It is suggested for further studies to carry out sampling to determine the quantity of contaminants present in the analyzed materials, which may vary from region to region, according to the abundance of the elements As, Se, Sb, and W. This corroborates the results reported for Brazilian coal-combustion fly ashes [2]. Considering that in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, where the recycling company is located, more than 90% of the manufactured cement uses coal-combustion fly ashes, it is believed that such elements, as well as rare phosphates and Fe-NPs, are derived from coal ashes.…”

“…The need to breathe contaminant-free air is essential for long-term health benefits. This need has been compromised, especially with the beginning of the industrial revolution, and therefore it is not only a matter of concern in countries such as China, the US, and India, as many studies point out [1][2][3][4]. Today, indeed, about 90% of the global population breathes contaminated air, causing more than seven million deaths annually worldwide [5].…”

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI satellite application for NO2 and CO studies aiming at environmental valuation

“…Technical uses combining satellite observations utilizing the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument are relevant to estimate anthropogenic emissions and for designing future air pollution abatement strategies based on regulatory action. NO 2 , SO 2 , CO and CH 2 O are all gasses that have historically been and continue to be released into the atmosphere in large amounts in industrial and urban areas (Neckel et al, 2021). The main source of these gaseous releases is the use of fossil fuels (Prunet et al, 2020;Kang et al, 2021a;Saw et al, 2021;Xia et al, 2021).…”

An Analysis of Nanoparticles Derived from Coal Fly Ash Incorporated into Concrete

“…Finally, a high resolution focused Ga+ ion beam to select [33][34][35][36], cut, and obtain an accurate image of a specific region of the species of interest, within the range of 100 nm, was also used [37][38][39][40][41]. These similar analytical procedures have been previously reported by several authors [21,23,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51], especially with regard to necessary care that must be taken with the sampled material to avoid its contamination in the laboratory. This facilitated greater reliability of samples and results generated in this study.…”