Biomonitoring of polyaromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in rural gardens using lettuce plants

Kováts, Nóra; Hubai, Katalin; Sainnokhoi, Tsend-Ayush; Teke, Gábor

doi:10.1007/s11368-020-02801-1

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The prevalence of PAHs in the soil is mostly of anthropogenic origin (Zhou et al, 2005) due to the increasing use of energy from the combustion of fossil fuels, oil and internal combustion engines (Lui et al, 2017; Tiwari et al, 2011). Atmospheric PAHs accumulate easily in the soil due to their sorption capacity (Eom et al, 2007; Kováts et al, 2021) and arrive at the land surface through both wet and dry deposition (Choi et al, 2009; Ding et al, 2007). Organic pollutants are stored, captured and delivered to the litter in forest soils by tree crowns (Matzner, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accumulation in soil horizons of different temperate forest stands

2022

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Pollution due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a serious environmental issue. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stand species composition on PAH content. The research covered the stand soils of the Rybnik Forest District, which experiences some of the highest deposition of industrial emissions in Europe.Pine, pine-oak and oak stands growing in the same soil conditions were selected for the study. Samples for further analyses were collected from the organic, humus mineral and mineral soil horizons. The organic C and N concentrations, pH, alkaline cation content, microbiological biomass of C and N, soil enzyme activity, soil organic matter (SOM) fractions and PAH content were determined. The oak stand soils were characterised by the lowest accumulation of PAHs (2936.0 μg kg À1 ) with high biochemical activity expressed by enzyme activity (dehydrogenases, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, phosphatase) and high microbiological biomass. In contrast, pine stand soils are acidified; hence, SOM decomposition is slowed, resulting in a high accumulation of PAHs (3805.0 μg kg À1 ). A strong correlation (r = 0.825) between PAH accumulation and SOM free light fraction (fLF) C concentration was noted. The stand species composition plays an important role in shaping the quality and quantity of SOM and soil acidification, which is reflected in the microbial activity and PAH accumulation in forest soils. Such accumulation in forest soils is related to the fractional composition of SOM, which is due to the influence of species composition through the supplied biomass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accumulation in soil horizons of different temperate forest stands

2022

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“…In addition to PTEs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are also widespread pollutants in soil, water, air, and plants [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. They primarily result from the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic materials, through incineration or industrial activities [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Potentially Toxic Compounds in Cow Milk: How Industrial Activities Affect Animal Primary Productions

Forcada

Menéndez-Miranda

Boente

et al. 2023

Foods

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Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) frequently coexist in soils near industrial areas and sometimes in environmental compartments directly linked to feed (forage) and food (milk) production. However, the distribution of these pollutants along the dairy farm production chain is unclear. Here, we analyzed soil, forage, and milk samples from 16 livestock farms in Spain: several PTEs and PAHs were quantified. Farms were compared in terms of whether they were close to (<5 km) or far away from (>5 km) industrial areas. The results showed that PTEs and PAHs were enriched in the soils and forages from farms close to industrial areas, but not in the milk. In the soil, the maximum concentrations of PTEs reached 141, 46.1, 3.67, 6.11, and 138 mg kg−1 for chromium, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead, respectively, while fluoranthene (172.8 µg kg−1) and benzo(b)fluoranthene (177.4 µg kg−1) were the most abundant PAHs. Principal component analysis of the soil PTEs suggested common pollution sources for iron, arsenic, and lead. In the forage, the maximum contents of chromium, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead were 32.8, 7.87, 1.31, 0.47, and 7.85 mg kg−1, respectively. The PAH found in the highest concentration in the feed forage was pyrene (120 µg kg−1). In the milk, the maximum PTE levels were much lower than in the soil or the feed forages: 74.1, 16.1, 0.12, 0.28, and 2.7 µg kg−1 for chromium, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead, respectively. Neither of the two milk samples exceeded the 20 µg kg−1 limit for lead set in EU 1881/2006. Pyrene was the most abundant PAH found in the milk (39.4 µg kg−1), while high molecular weight PAHs were not detected. For PTEs, the results showed that soil–forage transfer factors were higher than forage–milk ratios. Our results suggest that soils and forages around farms near industries, as well as the milk produced from those farms, have generally low levels of PTE and PAH contaminants.

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“…[ 9 ]. Various studies have been conducted in these areas to assess soil and vegetable contamination [ 10 , 11 ]. Daimari et al (2020) assessed trace metal air pollutants in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas on the Brahmaputra Valley plain and found that metals related to automobiles were accumulated in greater volume in samples from peri-urban locations [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Leafy Vegetable Varieties with Low Lead and Cadmium Accumulation Based on Foliar Uptake

Peng

Zhu

et al. 2022

Life

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Leafy vegetables cultivated in kitchen gardens and suburban areas often accumulate excessive amounts of heavy metals and pose a threat to human health. For this reason, plenty of studies have focused on low accumulation variety screening. However, identifying specific leafy vegetable varieties according to the foliar uptake of air pollution remains to be explored (despite foliar uptake being an important pathway for heavy-metal accumulation). Therefore, in this study, the lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contents, leaf morphology, and particle matter contents were analyzed in a micro-area experiment using 20 common vegetables. The results show that the Pb content in leaves ranged from 0.70 to 3.86 mg kg−1, and the Cd content ranged from 0.21 to 0.99 mg kg−1. Atmospheric particles were clearly scattered on the leaf surface, and the particles were smaller than the stomata. Considering the Pb and Cd contents in the leaves and roots, stomata width-to-length ratio, leaf area size, enrichment factor, and translocation factor, Yidianhongxiancai, Qingxiancai, Baiyuanyexiancai, Nanjingjiangengbai and Sijixiaobaicai were recommended for planting in kitchen gardens and suburban areas as they have low accumulation characteristics. Identifying the influencing factors in the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetables through foliar uptake is important to help plant physiologists/environmentalists/policy makers to select suitable varieties for planting in air-polluted areas and thus reduce their threat to human health.

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Biomonitoring of polyaromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in rural gardens using lettuce plants

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accumulation in soil horizons of different temperate forest stands

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accumulation in soil horizons of different temperate forest stands

Impact of Potentially Toxic Compounds in Cow Milk: How Industrial Activities Affect Animal Primary Productions

Screening of Leafy Vegetable Varieties with Low Lead and Cadmium Accumulation Based on Foliar Uptake

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