Biomineralized Gd₂O₃@HSA Nanoparticles as a Versatile Platform for Dual‐Modal Imaging and Chemo‐Phototherapy‐Synergized Tumor Ablation

Abstract

A great challenge still remains to explore the facile approaches to construct multifunctional nanoparticles for acquiring precise cancer theranostics. Herein, a biocompatible theranostic nanoplatform capable of simultaneous cancer imaging and therapy is attempted by loading of paclitaxel (PTX) and indocyanine green (ICG) molecules into the matrix of Gd2O3@human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles (PIGH NPs) via hydrophobic interaction. The subsequent in vitro investigations reveal that the PIGH NPs afford uniform particle size, sustained drug release profile, strong longitudinal relaxivity, potent photothermal effect, effective singlet oxygen generation, and ideal resistance to photobleaching. Moreover, the PIGH NPs achieve high cellular uptake, efficient cytoplasmic drug translocation based on singlet oxygen‐triggered endolysosomal disruption and prominent cytotoxicity effect against 4T1 cells under 808 nm near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation in contrast to PTX/ICG‐loaded HSA nanoparticles (PIH NPs) and free PTX/ICG. After intravenous injection, the PIGH NPs exhibit preferable tumor accumulation and achieve effective tumor ablation in 4T1 tumor bearing mouse model with excellent dual near‐infrared fluorescence/magnetic resonance (NIRF/MR) imaging guided synergistic chemo‐phototherapy. Hence, the PIGH NPs can be utilized as potential theranostic nanosystem for simultaneous cancer imaging and therapy.

Advances in Indocyanine Green-Based Codelivery Nanoplatforms for Combinatorial Therapy

“…Due to the unique tertiary structure and excellent blood retention activity and appreciable biocompatibility, albumin is a kind of protein with types of human serum albumin (HSA) and BSA and has been used as a promising nanocarrier by interacting with diverse anticancer drug molecules. 111 Xu and colleagues developed cellpenetrating peptide KALA and tumor-targeting ligand aptamer AS1411-decorated ICG and DOX coloaded BSA nanoparticles. 112 The multimodal theranostic system significantly improved the therapeutic efficiency of payloads owing to the high affinity of AS1411 to tumor cells and the cell-penetrating capability of KALA.…”

Exploiting cyanine dye J-aggregates/monomer equilibrium in hydrophobic protein pockets for efficient multi-step phototherapy: an innovative concept for smart nanotheranostics

“…[37][38][39] Moreover, Gd 3+ complexes are compatible with photothermal dyes like ICG, enabling their combination for dual-modal imaging and phototherapy-synergized tumor ablation. 40 Scheme 1 Illustration of the concept of J-ICG/monomer equilibrium-driven dye reconstitution. J-ICG are stabilized into hydrophobic domains of β-casein, one of the major components of the micelles.…”

Hybrid membrane-coated nanosuspensions for multi-modal anti-glioma therapy via drug and antigen delivery

“…Next, we evaluated the antitumor immune responses elicited by the injection of DNS-[C6&DC]m in vivo. CD8 + CTLs are the main force that kills cancer cells in our immune design, and CD4 + T cells can help CTLs proliferate and increase their toxicity towards tumors [ 63 , 64 ]. We measured the expression of CD8 and CD4 at tumor sites with different treatments via IHC and immunofluorescence staining to investigate the direct immune response pathway.…”