Biomineralization of Enamel and Dentin Mediated by Matrix Proteins

Moradian‐Oldak, Janet; George, Anne

doi:10.1177/00220345211018405

Cited by 62 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Enamel and dentin contain apatite mineral crystals in an organic matrix. The structures and compositions vary between the tissues, but both form from protein interactions and self-assembly with crystallization controlled by the organic matrix [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that OPN has a domain with 8 to 10 consecutive aspartic acid residues, along with many phosphorylated residues [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], it might be reasonable to expect similar ion interactions with pASP. Moreover, phosphorylation was proved to play important roles in the regulation of calcium phosphate mineralization [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Process-Directing Agents on Enamel Lesion Remineralization: Fluoride Boosters

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two process-directing agents (polyaspartic acid and osteopontin) used in a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process on the remineralization of bacteria-induced enamel demineralization. Enamel demineralization lesions (depths of about 180–200 µm) were created and exposed to Streptococcus mutans, cultured with a 10% sucrose solution for 21 days, and remineralized using a PILP process (pH = 7.4, 14 days) with a calcium phosphate solution containing either polyaspartic acid or osteopontin in the presence or absence of fluoride (0.5 ppm). The specimens were examined under scanning electron microscopy. The fluoride was successfully incorporated into the PILP remineralization process for both polyaspartic acid and osteopontin. When the fluoride was added to the PILP remineralization solution, there was more uniform remineralization throughout the lesion than with either polyaspartic acid or osteopontin alone. However, in the absence of these process-directing agents, fluoride alone showed less remineralization with the formation of a predominantly surface-only layer. The PILP remineralization process relies on the ability of process-directing agents to stabilize calcium phosphate ions and holds promise for enamel lesion remineralization, and these agents, in the presence of fluoride, seem to play an important role as a booster or supplement in the continuation of remineralization by reducing the mineral gains at the surface layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Process-Directing Agents on Enamel Lesion Remineralization: Fluoride Boosters

et al. 2022

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“…Biomineralization, the generation of mineralized tissues is a common process by which living organisms produce hard tissues composed of biominerals. During this process, the organism defines the shape and structure of the mineralized tissue using complex regulatory signaling networks to synthesize a well-defined extracellular matrix that has both structural and signaling function 1 , 2 . The composition of the extracellular matrix in calcified tissues is unique 3 , 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DPP promotes odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs through NF-κB signaling

Chen

Pethö

Ganapathy

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Dentin phosphophoryn synthesized and processed predominantly by the odontoblasts, functions as both structural and signaling protein. Mechanistic studies revealed that DPP stimulation of DPSCs positively impacted the differentiation of DPSCs into functional odontoblasts. Results show that NF-κB signaling and transcriptional activation of genes involved in odontoblast differentiation were influenced by DPP signaling. Specifically, RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB was identified as being responsible for the initiation of the differentiation cascade. Confocal imaging demonstrated the nuclear translocation of p65 with DPP stimulation. Moreover, direct binding of nuclear NF-κB p65 subunit to the promoter elements of Runx2, Osx, OCN, MMP1, MMP3, BMP4 and PTX3 were identified by ChIP analysis. Pharmacological inhibition of the NF-κB pathway using TPCA-1, a selective inhibitor of IKK-2 and JSH-23, an inhibitor that prevents nuclear translocation and DNA binding of p65 showed impairment in the differentiation process. Functional studies using Alizarin-Red staining showed robust mineral deposits with DPP stimulation and sparse deposition with defective odontoblast differentiation in the presence of inhibitors. In vivo expression of NF-κB targets such as OSX, OCN, PTX3 and p65 in odontoblasts and dental pulp cells from DSPP null mouse was lower when compared with the wild-type. Overall, the results suggest an important role for DPP-mediated NF-κB activation in the transcriptional regulation of early odontogenic markers that promote differentiation of DPSCs.

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“…Craniofacial structures consist of a large variety of tissue types, each with a unique ECM composition reflecting the functional roles of each tissue—ranging from the fibrous interstitial connective tissue matrices of tooth enamel and dentin to the sheet-like specialized basement membranes of salivary glands (Young and Krebsbach 2006; Zhang and Yelick 2018; Moradian-Oldak and George 2021; Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Matrix in Human Craniofacial Development

Walma

Yamada

2021

J Dent Res

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The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic amalgamation of structural and signaling molecules whose quantitative and qualitative modifications drive the distinct programmed morphologic changes required for tissues to mature into their functional forms. The craniofacial complex houses a diverse array of tissues, including sensory organs, glands, and components of the musculoskeletal, neural, and vascular systems, alongside several other highly specialized tissues to form the most complex part of the vertebrate body. Through cell-ECM interactions, the ECM coordinates the cell movements, shape changes, differentiation, gene expression changes, and other behaviors that sculpt developing organs. In this review, we focus on several common key roles of the ECM to shape developing craniofacial organs and tissues. We summarize recent advances in our understanding of the ability of the ECM to biochemically and biomechanically orchestrate major events of craniofacial development, and we discuss how dysregulated ECM dynamics contributes to disease and disorders. As we expand our understanding of organ-specific matrix functionality and composition, we will improve our ability to rationally modify matrices to promote regeneration and/or prevent degenerative outcomes in vitro and in vivo.

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Biomineralization of Enamel and Dentin Mediated by Matrix Proteins

Cited by 62 publications

References 68 publications

The Role of Process-Directing Agents on Enamel Lesion Remineralization: Fluoride Boosters

The Role of Process-Directing Agents on Enamel Lesion Remineralization: Fluoride Boosters

DPP promotes odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs through NF-κB signaling

Extracellular Matrix in Human Craniofacial Development

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