Biomineralization‐Inspired Green Synthesis of Zinc Phosphate‐Based Nanosheets in Gelatin Hydrogel

Abstract

Diffusion of inorganic salts in gels is a simple, inexpensive, and versatile technique for the synthesis of inorganic/organic hybrid nanocomposite particles with various morphologies. This paper introduces a novel method for producing zinc phosphate (ZP) nanosheets using single diffusion of zinc ions in gelatin at ambient temperature. FTIR spectra showed the entrapment of gelatin in ZP sheets due to electrostatic interactions between charged groups of gelatin and diffused ions. This study demonstrated that hydrogels can be used for crystallization of ZP. Such a nanocomposite particle may open a new window for producing antimicrobial and materials for use in tissue engineering.

Argon and Argon–Oxygen Plasma Surface Modification of Gelatin Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering Applications

“…The FT-IR spectrum of gelatin ( Figure 3 A) indicated several bands for N–H stretching of amide bond at 3443 cm −1 , C–H stretching at 2925 cm −1 and aromatic C–H bending at 610 cm −1 [ 38 ]. The amide II peak at 1538 cm −1 was attributed to N–O stretching of gelatin macromolecules [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The amide III band was attributed to the combination of N–H in plane bending, C–N stretching vibrations and N–H out-of-plane wagging at 1334 cm −1 .…”

Preparation of a Flowerlike Nanobiocatalyst System via Biomimetic Mineralization of Cobalt Phosphate with Enzyme

“…However, enzymes will face harsh conditions, including high temperature, strong acid and alkali, etc., if they are applied directly into the industrial process. Hence, immobilized enzyme, which can improve enzyme stability and recycle several times for industrial process, has been widely used and studied. − Traditional methods are generally immobilizing target enzymes on the pre-existing solid carriers via adsorption, cross-linking, or covalent binding approach. , Recently, biomimetic mineralization has been considered as an outstanding process to fabricate advanced materials with diverse morphologies, − and it is worth mentioning that the gel diffusion is an excellently controllable method for mimetic biomineralization. − Thus, the application of a biomineralization process in enzyme immobilization has gained much attention, because of the particularly mild reaction conditions and ultrahigh enzyme activity recovery. − Moreover, thanks to the mild process of biomineralization, enzyme–inorganic hybrid composites could provide reliable stabilization effect for incorporated enzymes and let them exhibit plentiful biological functions. Currently, the biomineralization of metal phosphates has been proven to be an outstanding approach to synthesize nanobiocatalysts.…”

Biofabricated Nanostructures and Their Composites in Regenerative Medicine

“…Coacervation or ionic gelation method can be applied in the presence of filler to formulate hydrophilic polymer nanocomposites, for example, chitosan, PEO, or sodium tripolyphosphate, etc., for the interaction of molecules with opposite charges. Herein, chitosan has a positive charge due to amino group whereas tripolyphosphate has a negative charge to form coacervates due to strong electrostatic interaction …”