Abstract:Tannic acid-templated mesoporous silica (TAMS) was synthesized using a simple nonsurfactant template method and dopamine-functionalized TAMS (Dop-TAMS), which was prepared via a biomimetic coating, was developed as a new support for immobilization of NHase (NHase@Dop-TAMS). The Dop-TAMS was thoroughly characterized by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and the results showed that the Dop-TAMS posse… Show more
“…19 20 One route to achieve higher retention of tannins in chemical formulations is to combine them with binding compounds 17,18 or nanoparticles to complexes 19 that can act as bridging or crosslinking agents between the matrix and tannin. Immobilization of tannin, or specific hydrolysable tannin compounds such as tannic acid, onto material surfaces has also been achieved using for instance mesoporous silicate 20 , silica microspheres 21 , collagen 22 , graphene 23 and activated carbon 24 . As reported by Xu et al (2017), dialdehyde nanocellulose can be used to covalently 26 immobilize tannin molecules.…”
In sustainable forestry, forests should produce multiple ecosystem services for society, such as timber, carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Therefore, in the evaluation of forest management strategies, we have to consider the impacts of management on several ecosystem services. In this study, we compared the effects of five different forest management strategies on timber drain, carbon stocks, carbon balance and biodiversity indicators, while maximizing economic revenues from timber production. The assessment was carried out in a boreal landscape of 43 000 ha over a 100-year calculation period. The five management strategies were rotation forest management (with thinning from below or above), continuous cover forestry, a combination of rotation forest management and continuous cover forestry and any-aged forestry. Rotation forest management with thinning from below was less profitable than the other strategies, which were close to each other in economic profitability. Rotation forest management with thinning from below was also the poorest in terms of carbon stocks, carbon balance and biodiversity indicators. Any-aged and continuous cover forestry were the best in terms of carbon sequestration and biodiversity indicators. In general, management strategies that used thinning from above and that were not restricted to rotation forest management as the only option provided more ecosystem services and were also economically profitable. Such management strategies may help to satisfy the increasing demand for diverse uses of forests.
“…19 20 One route to achieve higher retention of tannins in chemical formulations is to combine them with binding compounds 17,18 or nanoparticles to complexes 19 that can act as bridging or crosslinking agents between the matrix and tannin. Immobilization of tannin, or specific hydrolysable tannin compounds such as tannic acid, onto material surfaces has also been achieved using for instance mesoporous silicate 20 , silica microspheres 21 , collagen 22 , graphene 23 and activated carbon 24 . As reported by Xu et al (2017), dialdehyde nanocellulose can be used to covalently 26 immobilize tannin molecules.…”
In sustainable forestry, forests should produce multiple ecosystem services for society, such as timber, carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Therefore, in the evaluation of forest management strategies, we have to consider the impacts of management on several ecosystem services. In this study, we compared the effects of five different forest management strategies on timber drain, carbon stocks, carbon balance and biodiversity indicators, while maximizing economic revenues from timber production. The assessment was carried out in a boreal landscape of 43 000 ha over a 100-year calculation period. The five management strategies were rotation forest management (with thinning from below or above), continuous cover forestry, a combination of rotation forest management and continuous cover forestry and any-aged forestry. Rotation forest management with thinning from below was less profitable than the other strategies, which were close to each other in economic profitability. Rotation forest management with thinning from below was also the poorest in terms of carbon stocks, carbon balance and biodiversity indicators. Any-aged and continuous cover forestry were the best in terms of carbon sequestration and biodiversity indicators. In general, management strategies that used thinning from above and that were not restricted to rotation forest management as the only option provided more ecosystem services and were also economically profitable. Such management strategies may help to satisfy the increasing demand for diverse uses of forests.
“…The BET specific surface area of AC was 1358.2 (m 2 /g), and the BJH adsorption cumulative pore volume and pore diameter were 0.556 (cm 3 /g) and 3.20 (nm), respectively. Compared with AC, MSNM had a larger pore size and pore volume, which could be conducive to the smooth entry of LA molecules into the internal channels of MSNM, and also could improve the adsorption rate of LA by MSNM 27 .Figure 4N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of the MSNM and AC.…”
Mesoporous silica nanoscale microsphere (MSNM), with a special morphology, high porosity, large pore volume and specific surface area, was successfully prepared and used as the matrix material of lauric acid (LA) to prepare a favorable shape-stabilized phase change material (LA/MSNM). The porous network structure of MSNM is effective to prevent the leakage and enhance the thermal stability of LA/MSNM. For comparison, shape-stabilized phase change material of LA/AC, which contained commercially purchased active carbon (AC) and LA, was prepared by the same method. Characterizations of LA/MSNM and LA/AC, such as chemical properties, structure, thermal properties and crystallization properties were studied. The mechanisms of interaction between LA molecules and MSNM or AC were explicated. The results of TGA test showed that the LA/MSNM and LA/AC had superior thermal stability, and however, the melting and solidification enthalpies of LA/MSNM were much higher than that of LA/AC, which was attributed that the loading capacity of MSNM was better than that of LA/AC. All of the study results demonstrated that the mesoporous silica nanoscale microspheres of MSNM synthesized in this study possessed the potential for practical applications as a suitable supporter of organic phase change materials.
“…Our previous studies have demonstrated that plant biosurfactants have great potential for removal of metals with saponin from three types of soils (i.e., loamy sand, loam, silty clay, pH 6.1–7.2, 1.6–10.3% organic matter) spiked with Cu, Cd, and Zn [ 20 ] and for removal of arsenic (As) with tannic acid (TA) from soils (silty loam in texture, pH 4.4–7.9, 5.9–18.1% organic matter) in areas formerly used for As mining and smelting in Zloty Stok (Poland) [ 21 ]. Although plant biosurfactants are used less commonly than rhamnolipids, and TA is used less commonly than saponin, TA offers a number of advantages, namely, its low cost and nontoxicity [ 22 ]. TA is a naturally occurring plant polyphenol that is a type of hydrolyzable tannin, composed of a glucose moiety with numerous esterified gallic acid units.…”
Cadmium, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn removal via soil flushing with tannic acid (TA) as a plant biosurfactant was studied. The soil was treated for 30 h in a column reactor at a constant TA concentration and pH (3%, pH 4) and at variable TA flow rates (0.5 mL/min or 1 mL/min). In the soil leachates, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved organic carbon, and metal concentrations were monitored. Before and after flushing, soil pH, EC, organic matter content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were determined. To analyze the organic matter composition, pyrolysis as well as thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used. Metal fractionation in unflushed and flushed soil was analyzed using a modified sequential extraction method. The data on cumulative metal removal were analyzed using OriginPro 8.0 software (OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, MA, USA) and were fitted to 4-parameter logistic sigmoidal model. It was found that flushing time had a stronger influence on metal removal than flow rate. The overall efficiency of metal removal (expressed as the ratio between flushed metal concentration and total metal concentration in soil) at the higher flow rate decreased in this order: Cd (86%) > Ni (44%) > Cu (29%) ≈ Zn (26%) > Pb (15%). Metals were removed from the exchangeable fraction and redistributed into the reducible fraction. After flushing, the soil had a lower pH, EC, and CEC; a higher organic matter content; the composition of the organic matter had changed (incorporation of TA structures). Our results prove that soil flushing with TA is a promising approach to decrease metal concentration in soil and to facilitate carbon sequestration in soil.
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