Biomimetic flexible plate actuators are faster and more efficient with a passive attachment

Yeh, Peter; Alexeev, Alexander

doi:10.1007/s10409-016-0592-0

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…To model magnetic actuation, we impose a uniform magnetic field giving rise to a distributed moment acting on the elastic cilium. We locally apply magnetic moment along the cilium 42 with the magnitude that is proportional to , where θ is the angle between magnetic field B and the local axis of the cilium 17,33,40,43,44 . The magnitude of the moment is set to match cilium deflection observed in the experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic pumping using artificial magnetic cilia

2018

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One of the vital functions of naturally occurring cilia is fluid transport. Biological cilia use spatially asymmetric strokes to generate a net fluid flow that can be utilized for feeding, swimming, and other functions. Biomimetic synthetic cilia with similar asymmetric beating can be useful for fluid manipulations in lab-on-chip devices. In this paper, we demonstrate the microfluidic pumping by magnetically actuated synthetic cilia arranged in multi-row arrays. We use a microchannel loop to visualize flow created by the ciliary array and to examine pumping for a range of cilia and microchannel parameters. We show that magnetic cilia can achieve flow rates of up to 11 μl/min with the pressure drop of ~1 Pa. Such magnetic ciliary array can be useful in microfluidic applications requiring rapid and controlled fluid transport.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic pumping using artificial magnetic cilia

2018

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“…In order to model the magnetic actuation, we impose a uniform magnetic field giving rise to a distributed moment acting on the cilium. Specifically, we locally apply magnetic moment along the cilium 36 with the magnitude that is proportional to…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric motion of magnetically actuated artificial cilia

et al. 2017

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Most microorganisms use hair-like cilia with asymmetric beating to perform vital bio-physical processes. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel fabrication method for creating magnetic artificial cilia capable of such a biologically inspired asymmetric beating pattern essential for inducing microfluidic transport at low Reynolds number. The cilia are fabricated using a lithographic process in conjunction with deposition of magnetic nickel-iron permalloy to create flexible filaments that can be manipulated by varying an external magnetic field. A rotating permanent magnet is used to actuate the cilia. We examine the kinematics of a cilium and demonstrate that the cilium motion is defined by an interplay among elastic, magnetic, and viscous forces. Specifically, the forward stroke is induced by the rotation of the magnet which bends the cilium, whereas the recovery stroke is defined by the straightening of the deformed cilium, releasing accumulated elastic potential energy. This difference in dominating forces acting during the forward stroke and the recovery stroke leads to an asymmetric beating pattern of the cilium. Such magnetic cilia can find applications in microfluidic pumping, mixing, and other fluid handling processes.

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“…Miller and Peskin [13] used mass-spring networks to model insect wings in two-dimensional numerical simulations. A massspring network was used by Yeh and Alexeev [14] to model a flexible plate swimmer and performed fluid-structure interaction simulation with Lattice-Boltzmann methods in 3D. The development of our solid solver is motivated by their mass-spring network approach, aiming to model the flexibility of insect wings in the three-dimensional case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we are dealing with a large displacement problem and the question is if eqn. (14) still remains valid.The technique used to derive(14) is no longer applicable since the solution for large deflection of a cantilever beam cannot be obtained analytically[38].This problem involves calculating elliptical integrals of the second kind[39] and needs to be solved numerically. Consequently, the relation between EI and k b is put into a large displacement, nonlinear test case to check if we still get the same mechanical behaviors between the continuous beam and the mass-spring model.…”

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A mass-spring fluid-structure interaction solver: Application to flexible revolving wings

et al. 2020

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The secret to the spectacular flight capabilities of flapping insects lies in their wings, which are often approximated as flat, rigid plates. Real wings are however delicate structures, composed of veins and membranes, and can undergo significant deformation. In the present work, we present detailed numerical simulations of such deformable wings. Our results are obtained with a fluidstructure interaction solver, coupling a mass-spring model for the flexible wing with a pseudo-spectral code solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We impose the no-slip boundary condition through the volume penalization method; the time-dependent complex geometry is then completely described by a mask function. This allows solving the governing equations of the fluid on a regular Cartesian grid. Our implementation for massively parallel computers allows us to perform high resolution computations with Email addresses: dinh-hung.truong@univ-amu.fr (Hung Truong), thomas.engels@ens.fr (Thomas Engels), dkolomenskiy@jamstec.go.jp (Dmitry Kolomenskiy), kai.schneider@univ-amu.fr (Kai Schneider) up to 500 million grid points. The mass-spring model uses a functional approach, thus modeling the different mechanical behaviors of the veins and the membranes of the wing. We perform a series of numerical simulations of a flexible revolving bumblebee wing at a Reynolds number Re = 1800. In order to assess the influence of wing flexibility on the aerodynamics, we vary the elasticity parameters and study rigid, flexible and highly flexible wing models. Code validation is carried out by computing classical benchmarks.

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Biomimetic flexible plate actuators are faster and more efficient with a passive attachment

Cited by 20 publications

References 75 publications

Microfluidic pumping using artificial magnetic cilia

Microfluidic pumping using artificial magnetic cilia

Asymmetric motion of magnetically actuated artificial cilia

A mass-spring fluid-structure interaction solver: Application to flexible revolving wings

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