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The American physical chemist Margaret Oakley Dayhoff was one of the major figures in the early history of bioinformatics. In 1965, she published the initial edition of the Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure , the first comprehensive, computerised and publicly available collection of protein sequences. It became a model for many subsequent sequence databases, including GenBank. Dayhoff developed several methods to analyse protein sequences and infer their evolutionary relationships, as well as computer models to simulate the composition of planetary atmospheres. Key Concepts: Margaret O. Dayhoff was one of the founders in the field of bioinformatics. Margaret O. Dayhoff created the first public comprehensive, computerised and publicly available database of protein sequences, The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure (1965). The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was the model for GenBank and many other molecular databases. The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was a key tool for the development of molecular biology, molecular evolution and bioinformatics. The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was tremendously successful among researchers, yet they were sometimes reluctant to contribute their data.
The American physical chemist Margaret Oakley Dayhoff was one of the major figures in the early history of bioinformatics. In 1965, she published the initial edition of the Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure , the first comprehensive, computerised and publicly available collection of protein sequences. It became a model for many subsequent sequence databases, including GenBank. Dayhoff developed several methods to analyse protein sequences and infer their evolutionary relationships, as well as computer models to simulate the composition of planetary atmospheres. Key Concepts: Margaret O. Dayhoff was one of the founders in the field of bioinformatics. Margaret O. Dayhoff created the first public comprehensive, computerised and publicly available database of protein sequences, The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure (1965). The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was the model for GenBank and many other molecular databases. The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was a key tool for the development of molecular biology, molecular evolution and bioinformatics. The Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was tremendously successful among researchers, yet they were sometimes reluctant to contribute their data.
Focusing upon computation, storage, and infrastructures for data from the early modern European period forward, this chapter stresses that the constraints of computing technologies, as well as their possibilities, are essential for the path of computational sciences. Mathematical tables and simple contrivances aided calculation well into the middle of the twentieth century. Digital machines replaced them slowly: adopting electronic digital computers for scientific work demanded creative responses to the limits of technologies of computation, storage, and communication. Transforming the evidence of existing scientific domains into data computable and storable in electronic form challenged ontology and practice alike. The ideational history of computing should pay close attention to its materiality and social forms, and the materialist history of computing must pay attention to its algorithmic ingenuity in the face of material constraints.
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