Biomedical Computing—1965

Waxman, Bruce D.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb11691.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In the 1980s, users generally agreed that an ideal patient record -one that could provide some combination of a time-oriented, source-oriented, and problem-oriented record, one that could satisfy the functional requirements of its users -had yet to be designed. It was apparent that to convert a paper-based medical record into a computer-based electronic record could be diffi cult, since the paper-based chart was usually a collection of irregularly entered, unstandardized textual data, mostly handwritten and sometimes illegible, and often replete with diagnostic impressions and verbose descriptions [ 345 ]. Gordon [ 159 , 160 ] addressed the problems of the variable organization, format, and vocabulary in paper based medical records, and proposed a standardized format, not only to facilitate manual information retrieval, but also to prepare for electronic entry, processing, storage, and retrieval.…”

Section: Development Of the Electronic Patient Record (Epr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Databases and Patient Record Systems

Collen¹,

Slack

Bleich

2015

Health Informatics

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As computer-based electronic patients' records replaced paper-based charts, hospital medical records departments gave way to computer centers that stored data on magnetic disks. As computer storage became cheaper and database designs became more effi cient, medical databases grew in size and variety. Federated databases could store large volumes of aggregated data in multiple partitions, or as functionally oriented databases that were logically interconnected. Directly accessible from clinical applications, they allowed users to simultaneously access and query data for patient care, clinical research, and fi nancial reimbursement. Extended central databases collected and managed data from different databases. Known as data warehouses, they could service ever-increasing volumes of data collected from ever-changing medical technologies. Larger warehouses developed partitions and data marts for subsets of data to serve users with specifi c needs. The need to store and query large collections of data led to the development of online analytical processing (OLAP), distributed database systems, distributed database management systems, and translational data processing between multiple data warehouses. With more powerful computers in the 1990s, physicians began to enter data directly into the patient's electronic health record using the keyboard, mouse, and clinical workstation. Dedicated computers became database servers to store and integrate multiple databases. In the 2000s electronic health records became more common; in the 2010s federal funding produced more widespread diffusion of electronic health records, and advances in informatics resulted in more effi cient data management of expanding, multi-media, patient care databases.

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Section: Development Of the Electronic Patient Record (Epr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Databases and Patient Record Systems

Collen¹,

Slack

Bleich

2015

Health Informatics

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“…The inclusion criteria was as follows: (1) participants: adults (≥18 yrs old) with a diagnosis of neurologic disease, such as AD, MCI, PD, stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, HD, and cerebral palsy; (2) exposure: cognitive-motor dual-task assessments examining the concurrent testing of cognitive function and gait or balance; (3) comparators: single-task (motor or cognitive) or no task; (4) outcomes: future falls recorded prospectively for at least 3 mos and analysis of fallers (≥1 fall) or recurrent fallers (≥2 falls); and (5) study design: prospective cohort studies. Given the neuronal disruptions between upper and lower motor neurons associated with a spinal cord injury and similar functional presentations in gait as other common types of ND, 33 researchers included spinal cord injury as a ND in this review. For the purpose of this review, studies that used the following or similar definition of fall were included: "an unexpected event in which you come to rest on the ground, floor, or lower level."…”

Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-task assessments for predicting future falls in neurologic conditions: A systematic review

Peters,

Lauinger,

Mayr

et al. 2024

Am J Phys Med Rehabil

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This review investigated the ability of dual-task tests to predict falls in people with neurological disorders (ND). Databases were searched to identify prospective cohort studies that analyzed dual-task testing and falls in people with NDs. Reviewers screened studies for eligibility and extracted key information like participant characteristics, intervention details, outcome measures, and significant outcomes. Reviewers assessed methodological quality of eligible studies using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria. 18 studies of strong methodological qualified with 1750 participants were included in the review. Dual-task performances was predictive of future falls in people with Huntington’s disease, spinal cord injury, and moderate cognitive impairment, although only one independent study was included for each disability type. In people with stroke, thirty-seven percent of eligible studies showed dual-task assessments to be predictive of future falls. No dual-task tests predicted prospective falling in people with Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. Complex dual-tasks appeared to be more predictive of fall risk than simpler dual-tasks. Results suggest that disability type, severity of disability, and task complexity play a role in the predictive ability of dual-task assessments and future falling in NDs. Future studies may benefit from using this review to guide the design of effective dual-task assessments and fall interventions.

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Clinical Laboratory (LAB) Information Systems

Collen¹,

Miller

2015

Health Informatics

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The clinical laboratory (LAB) was an early adopter of computer technology, beginning with the chemistry and hematology laboratories, which had similar information processing requirements. LAB systems in the early 1960s were primarily offl ine, batch-oriented systems that used punched cards for data transfer to the hospital mainframe. The advent of minicomputers in the 1970s caused a rapid surge in the development of LAB systems that supported online processing of data from automated laboratory instruments. In the 1980s, LAB systems increasingly employed minicomputers to integrate data into a common database and satisfy functional requirements, including programs for quality control, reference values, trend analyses, graphical presentation, online test interpretations, and clinical guidelines. By 1987 about 20 % of US hospitals had computer links between their LAB systems and their hospital information systems and affi liated outpatient information systems. In the 1990s, LAB systems began using client-server architecture with networked workstations, and most hospitals had a variety of specialized clinical support information systems interconnected to form a medical information system with a distributed database of clinical data that constituted the electronic patient record. By the 2000s, several hundred different clinical tests were routinely available (there had been only a few dozen in the 1950s). The need for more sophisticated and powerful LAB systems has largely been met by commercially available standalone laboratory information systems (LIS); however, there is now increasing pressure to replace these products with the lab-system functionality of the enterprise-wide integrated electronic health record system, for which there is little reported experience.

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Biomedical Computing—1965

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Medical Databases and Patient Record Systems

Medical Databases and Patient Record Systems

Dual-task assessments for predicting future falls in neurologic conditions: A systematic review

Clinical Laboratory (LAB) Information Systems

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