Biomedical Applications of Zirconia-Based Nanomaterials: Challenges and Future Perspectives

Abstract

ZrO2 nanoparticles have received substantially increased attention in every field of life owing to their wide range of applications. Zirconium oxide is a commercially economical, non-hazardous, and sustainable metal oxide having diversified potential applications. ZrO2 NPs play a vast role in the domain of medicine and pharmacy such as anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant agents and tissue engineering owing to their reliable curative biomedical applications. In this review article, we address all of the medical and biomedical applications of ZrO2 NPs prepared through various approaches in a critical way. ZrO2 is a bio-ceramic substance that has received increased attention in biomimetic scaffolds owing to its high mechanical strength, excellent biocompatibility, and high chemical stability. ZrO2 NPs have demonstrated potential anticancer activity against various cancer cells. ZrO2-based nanomaterials have exhibited potential antibacterial activity against various bacterial strains and have also demonstrated excellent antioxidant activity. The ZrO2 nanocomposite also exhibits highly sensitive biosensing activity toward the sensing of glucose and other biological species.

Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network Produced by Direct Ink Writing: The Effects of Manufacturing Design on Mechanical Properties

“…It is widely acknowledged that the tetragonal phase is more mechanically stable than the monoclinic and cubic phases. The phase transformation can be active by aging, hydration, and high temperature [39,40]. Detailed XRD analysis was performed for the as-received powder and printed samples; the results are given in Figure 4.…”

Graphene Loaded ZrO2 Nanocomposite for Antioxidant, Dye Removal, Electrochemical and Green Sensor Studies

“…As illustrated in Figure 1 (inset) (a), (b), and (c), the band gaps for rGO, ZrO 2 , and ZrO 2 /rGO are found to be 1.29, 1.45, and 1.26 eV, respectively. [30] of the nanocomposite. In Figure 2(b), the spectrum of ZrO 2 reveals a peak corresponding to the ZrÀ O stretching vibration at 619 cm À 1 (Inset graph).…”

Green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using crude extract of Aconitum violaceum and evaluation of their antibacterial, antioxidant and photocatalytic activities

“…Plant extracts contain various bioactive molecules that have benefits in the reduction and stabilization of NPs ( Karthik et al, 2022 ). Phytochemicals present in plant extracts can act as reducing, precipitating, and capping agents, thus exerting a significant effect in controlling particle size, shape, phase stability, and other key characteristics of NPs ( Bannunah, 2023 ). Gold and silver nanoparticles are the subject of substantial research owing to their unique optical and electrical characteristics, biocompatibility, high surface area and stability ( Ali et al, 2020a ; Nadaf et al, 2022 ; Ali et al, 2023 ).…”