Biomedical applications of polymer-composite materials: a review

Ramakrishna, Seeram; Mayer, J.; Wintermantel, E.; Leong, Kam W.

doi:10.1016/s0266-3538(00)00241-4

Cited by 1,376 publications

(870 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…As such, the mechanical properties of the composites were significantly below expectation due to the poor efficiency of fibre reinforcement. These composites also tend to fail via delamination at the early stages of load-bearing due to the lack of reinforcement within the polymer rich zones [13,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: In vitro degradation and mechanical properties

Chen

Parsons

Felfel

et al. 2016

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Fully bioresorbable composites have been investigated in order to replace metal implant plates used for hard tissue repair. Retention of the composite mechanical properties within a physiological environment has been shown to be significantly affected due to loss of the integrity of the fibre/matrix interface. This study investigated phosphate based glass fibre (PGF) reinforced polycaprolactone (PCL) composites with 20%, 35% and 50% fibre volume fractions (Vf) manufactured via an in-situ polymerisation (ISP) process and a conventional laminate stacking (LS) followed by compression moulding. Reinforcing efficiency between the LS and ISP manufacturing process was compared, and the ISP composites revealed significant improvements in mechanical properties when compared to LS composites. The degradation profiles and mechanical properties were monitored in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C for 28 days. ISP composites revealed significantly less media uptake and mass loss (p<0.001) throughout the degradation period. The initial flexural properties of ISP composites were substantially higher (p<0.0001) than those of the LS composites, which showed that the ISP manufacturing process provided a significantly enhanced reinforcement effect than the LS process. During the degradation study, statistically higher flexural property retention profiles were also seen for the ISP composites compared to LS composites. SEM micrographs of fracture surfaces for the LS composites revealed dry fibre bundles and poor fibre dispersion with polymer rich zones, which indicated poor interfacial bonding, distribution and adhesion. In contrast, evenly distributed fibres without dry fibre bundles or polymer rich zones, were clearly observed for the ISP composite samples, which showed that a superior fibre/matrix interface was achieved with highly improved adhesion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequently used manufacturing technique adapted for bioresorbable polymer composites is laminate stacking (LS) and hot press moulding [13][14][15]. However, a number of studies have seen a rapid loss in mechanical properties of the composites manufactured by LS after immersion in aqueous environment [2,12,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: In vitro degradation and mechanical properties

Chen

Parsons

Felfel

et al. 2016

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…Typical preparation, described for a representative composite sample, is as follows: LiClO 4 was dissolved in 1,2-diethoxyethane. PMMA and the ceramic component were then added, along with EtOH/ H 2 O 9:1, the latter to reduce the viscosity of the mixture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATR-FTIR spectroscopic study of the effect of ceramic addition in novel ionoconductor gels for biomedical applications in space

Romagnoli

Trombetta

Licoccia

2004

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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The preparation and characterization of composite polymer electrolyte membranes consisting of selected nanosized ceramic powders (TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 ) dispersed into poly(methylmethacrylate) PMMA-based gels with LiClO 4 and 1,2-diethoxyethane have been investigated. The electrical conductivity values, measured by a.c. impedance spectroscopy, demonstrated that the addition of the ceramic filler to the membranes contributes to enhance the electrochemical stability without significantly affecting their conductivity. The variations observed in conductivity have been correlated with the structural variations introduced by the presence of different ceramics evidentiated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Preliminary measurements of bioelectrical signals (electroencephalograms, EEG) carried out with the newly prepared composite membranes showed they are suitable for neurological recording. #

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“…Its task is to ensure access, for cells, to nutrients and to ensure their growth on its surface. It is important that a small diameter of pores needs to be taken into accounting when designing this type of materials [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication Of Scaffolds From Ti6Al4V Powders Using The Computer Aided Laser Method

Dobrzański¹,

Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz²,

Malara³

et al. 2015

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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The aim of the research, the results of which are presented in the paper, is to fabricate, by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), a metallic scaffold with Ti6Al4V powder based on a virtual model corresponding to the actual loss of a patient's craniofacial bone. A plaster cast was made for a patient with a palate recess, and the cast was then scanned with a 3D scanner to create a virtual 3D model of a palate recess, according to which a 3D model of a solid implant was created using specialist software. The virtual 3D solid implant model was converted into a 3D porous implant model after designing an individual shape of the unit cell conditioning the size and three-dimensional shape of the scaffold pores by multiplication of unit cells. The data concerning a virtual 3D porous implant model was transferred into a selective laser melting (SLM) device and a metallic scaffold was produced from Ti6Al4V powder with this machine, which was subjected to surface treatment by chemical etching. An object with certain initially adopted assumptions, i.e. shape and geometric dimensions, was finally achieved, which perfectly matches the patient bone recesses. The scaffold created was subjected to micro-and spectroscopic examinations.Keywords: biomimetic materials, CAMD, scaffolds, SLM, Ti6Al4V powders, SEM, EDS Celem badań, których wyniki zaprezentowano w artykule jest wytworzenie, metodą selektywnego topienia laserowego (SLM), scaffoldu metalowego z proszku Ti6Al4V na podstawie wirtualnego modelu odpowiadającego rzeczywistemu ubytkowi kości twarzoczaszki pacjenta. Od pacjenta z ubytkiem podniebienia pobierano wycisk gipsowy, który następnie zeskanowano za pomocą skanera 3D, w celu uzyskania wirtualnego modelu 3D ubytku podniebienia, na podstawie którego z użyciem specjalistycznego oprogramowania utworzono model 3D litego implantu. Po zaprojektowaniu indywidualnego kształtu komórki jednostkowej, determinującej wielkość i trójwymiarowy kształt porów scaffoldu, poprzez multiplikację komórek jednostkowych przekształcono wirtualny model 3D implantu litego w model 3D implantu porowatego. Dane dotyczące wirtualnego modelu 3D implantu porowatego przetransferowano do urządzenia służącego do selektywnego topienia laserowego (SLM) i z użyciem tej maszyny z proszku Ti6Al4V wytworzono metalowy scaffold, który poddano obróbce powierzchniowej poprzez trawienie chemiczne. Finalnie otrzymano obiekt o założonych na wstępie: kształcie i wymiarach geometrycznych, które idealnie odpowiadają ubytkowi kości pacjenta. Wytworzony scaffold poddano badaniom mikroi spektroskopowym.

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Biomedical applications of polymer-composite materials: a review

Cited by 1,376 publications

References 175 publications

In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: In vitro degradation and mechanical properties

In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: In vitro degradation and mechanical properties

ATR-FTIR spectroscopic study of the effect of ceramic addition in novel ionoconductor gels for biomedical applications in space

Fabrication Of Scaffolds From Ti6Al4V Powders Using The Computer Aided Laser Method

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