Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials

Bhardwaj, Vinay Kumar; Kaushik, Ajeet

doi:10.3390/mi8100298

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on their high binding affinity and specificity towards other molecules, aptamers, can be utilized in applications ranging from biosensing to diagnostics and therapeutics [18][19][20]. Meanwhile, advances in nanotechnology have led to new and improved materials for biomedical applications [21]. Specifically, nanoparticles can readily interact with both intra-and extra-cellular biomolecules to yield improved signal amplification and target recognition [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer Grafting onto (on) and into (in) Pegylated Gold Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity Investigation in Renal Cells

Arib¹,

Milano²,

Gerbino³

et al. 2018

J Nanomed Nanotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) have already a remarkable interest as viable biomedical materials. Additionally, the strategy of using biomolecules to modify their surface properties is a very attractive as it leads to the generation of new nanometric hybrid materials. In this respect, aptamers, functional small single-strand oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA), are ideal candidates for molecular targeting applications since the high affinity to their target molecules. Thus, the urge of new and effective methodologies to graft aptamers on AuNPs is rapidly increasing especially for applications in bioanalysis and biomedicine, including early diagnosis and drug delivery. Here we used two chemical methodologies to conjugate the aptamer (APT) onto pegylated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs): the carbodiimide chemistry (EDC/NHS) (methodology ON) and the chelation-bond (R-Au bond) (methodology IN). The aptamer's conjugations with the PEG-AuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis absorption, Raman Spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the potential nanotoxicity of the two aptamer-conjugated AuNPs was evaluated on two different renal cell lines, being the kidneys one of the most important site of bioaccumulation upon systemic circulation. Interestingly, the two aptamer-conjugated AuNPs showed different cytotoxicity when exposed to human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and mouse collecting duct cells (M-1), indicating that cell viability has to be taken into account when choosing the proper strategy for NPs production. In conclusion this study provides two effective methods to graft aptamers on NPs and important insights regarding NPs conformation and the relative cell viability.The first grafting strategy consists of the conjugation of the AQP2 aptamer (APT) or on the PEG-AuNPs surface by carbodiimide Scheme 1: Schematic representation of the synthesis of a)APT ON PEG-AuNPs and b) APT IN PEG-AuNPs via carbodiimide chemistry (a) and chelation reaction (b) (Please note that drawings are not in scale and are not intended to be representative of the full samples composition).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer Grafting onto (on) and into (in) Pegylated Gold Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity Investigation in Renal Cells

Arib¹,

Milano²,

Gerbino³

et al. 2018

J Nanomed Nanotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite the fact that the field of nanofluids is still in the infancy, the future of nanofluids seems promising. Apart from solar and refrigeration applications, industrial and research institutions have progressively gained interest in the usage of nanofluids in other applications [75] including drug delivery for cancer treatment [76] and surface and subsurface defect sensors [77]. It is clear based on the review of the recent literature that significant efforts continue to be devoted to theoretical and experimental studies to improve the general performance and potential applications of nanofluids.…”

Section: Current Challenges and The Future Of Nanofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments and future insights of using nanofluids for heat transfer enhancements in thermal systems: a review of recent literature

Kaggwa

Carson

2019

Int Nano Lett

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The twenty-first century is experiencing a wave of technologies and innovations making use of unique features of nanofluids, in applications such as industrial and process heating, air conditioning and refrigeration systems, heat pipes, solar energy, thermal storage systems, electronic cooling systems and others. Recent literature indicates that suspending solid nanoparticles in traditional working fluids can enhance heat transfer rates by increasing thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients. However, there is a wide variation in the extent of heat transfer enhancements reported in the literature. In this review, which mainly focuses on the research published within the last 5 years, experimental investigations from recent developments of nanofluids usage and performance in various heat transfer systems are summarised. In addition, heat transfer mechanisms in nanofluids, the challenges and future direction of nanofluids regarding heat transfer enhancement are discussed. Popular preparation methods of nanofluids and the models of thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity and viscosity have been reviewed.

show abstract

“…The use of nanotechnology in various biomedical applications has shown promise in the past few years. To date, there are more than 250 nanomedicine products and 50 of them are available on the market for clinical use [6]. The development of nanotechnology has advanced several biomedical applications such as disease diagnosis, drug delivery, imaging and sensing in living organisms [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesized Montmorillonite/Carrageenan/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites for pH-Responsive Release of Protocatechuic Acid and Its Anticancer Activity

Yew

Shameli

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Discovery of a novel anticancer drug delivery agent is important to replace conventional cancer therapies which are often accompanied by undesired side effects. This study demonstrated the synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanocomposites (Fe3O4-NCs) using a green method. Montmorillonite (MMT) was used as matrix support, while Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and carrageenan (CR) were used as filler and stabilizer, respectively. The combination of these materials resulted in a novel nanocomposite (MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs). A series of characterization experiments was conducted. The purity of MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis revealed the uniform and spherical shape of Fe3O4 NPs with an average particle size of 9.3 ± 1.2 nm. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis showed an Ms value of 2.16 emu/g with negligible coercivity which confirmed the superparamagnetic properties. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) was loaded onto the MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs and a drug release study showed that 15% and 92% of PCA was released at pH 7.4 and 4.8, respectively. Cytotoxicity assays showed that both MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs and MMT/CR/Fe3O4-PCA effectively killed HCT116 which is a colorectal cancer cell line. Dose-dependent inhibition was seen and the killing was enhanced two-fold by the PCA-loaded NCs (IC50–0.734 mg/mL) compared to the unloaded NCs (IC50–1.5 mg/mL). This study highlights the potential use of MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs as a biologically active pH-responsive drug delivery agent. Further investigations are warranted to delineate the mechanism of cell entry and cancer cell killing as well as to improve the therapeutic potential of MMT/CR/Fe3O4-NCs.

show abstract

Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials

Abstract: The spurring growth and clinical adoption of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in medicine, i.e. “nanomedicine”, to shape global health care system is a collective effort that comprises academia research, industrial drive, and political and financial support from government.[...]

Cited by 57 publications

References 26 publications

Aptamer Grafting onto (on) and into (in) Pegylated Gold Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity Investigation in Renal Cells

Aptamer Grafting onto (on) and into (in) Pegylated Gold Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity Investigation in Renal Cells

Developments and future insights of using nanofluids for heat transfer enhancements in thermal systems: a review of recent literature

Green Synthesized Montmorillonite/Carrageenan/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites for pH-Responsive Release of Protocatechuic Acid and Its Anticancer Activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About