Biomedical Applications of Nanostructured Polymeric Materials

Stevanović, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816771-7.00001-6

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…The most commonly used methods for achieving an antimicrobial effect of polymeric micro and nanoparticles are by controlled release of encapsulated/immobilized antimicrobial within the polymeric matrix [19][20][21][22][23] or by prevention of initial bacterial attachment by coating/covering of the surfaces by polymers [24][25][26][27]. It is considered a better option to inhibit the initial formation of biofilm, rather than trying to eliminate already colonized microorganisms.…”

Section: Polymeric Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles. Potential for Use to Prevent Infections

et al. 2022

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One of the major issues related to medical devices and especially urinary stents are infections caused by different strains of bacteria and fungi, mainly in light of the recent rise in microbial resistance to existing antibiotics. Lately, it has been shown that nanomaterials could be superior alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Generally, nanoparticles are used for many applications in the biomedical field primarily due to the ability to adjust and control their physicochemical properties as well as their great reactivity due to the large surface-to-volume ratio. This has led to the formation of a new research field called nanomedicine which can be defined as the use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in diagnostics, imaging, observing, prevention, control, and treatment of diseases. For example, coverings or coatings based on nanomaterials are now seen as a promising strategy for preventing or treating biofilms formation on healthcare kits, implants, and medical devices. Toxicity, inappropriate delivery, or degradation of conventionally used drugs for the treatment of infections may be avoided by using nanoparticles without or with encapsulated/immobilized active substances. Most of the materials which are used and examined for the preparation of the nanoparticles with encapsulated/immobilized active substances or smart reactive nanomaterials with antimicrobial effects are polymers, naturally derived antimicrobials, metal-based and non-metallic materials. This chapter provides an overview of the current state and future perspectives of the nanoparticle-based systems based on these materials for prevention, control, or elimination of biofilm-related infections on urinary stents. It also addresses manufacturing conditions indicating the huge potential for the improvement of existing and development of new promising stent solutions.

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Section: Polymeric Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles. Potential for Use to Prevent Infections

et al. 2022

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“…41,42 This method may produce nanofibers using natural or synthetic polymers to yield scaffolds. 43,44 Kiran et al 45 explored bioactivity and antibacterial features of functional polycaprolactone (PCL), rifampicin (Rf), and hydroxyapatite (HA)-based nanocomposite fibers. The nanocomposite nanofibers were coated on titanium.…”

Section: Electrospun Polymeric Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric nanocomposite via electrospinning: Assessment of morphology, physical properties and applications

Kausar

2020

Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting

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Polymeric nanofibers have appeared as unique one-dimensional nanomaterials. Nanofibers possess exceptionally high specific surface area and essential properties. Various polymeric nanofibers and nanocomposite nanofibers have been developed using thermoplastic and thermosetting matrices and organic and inorganic nanoparticles. This review documents the worth of nanofiber technology regarding the synthesis, morphology, physical properties, and applications of the nanostructures. The nanofiber surface morphology and diameter directly influence the physical characteristics such as electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and thermal stability. Fiber processing techniques and related parameters also affect their texture and properties. In this regard, electrospinning is frequently used to form polymeric nanofibers and nanocomposite nanofibers. Electrospun nanofibers having large surface area and excellent fiber orientation, alignment, and morphology. The polymer nanocomposites with different nanofillers (carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon nanofibers, and other nanoparticles) have been processed into high performance electrospun nanofibers. Electrospun nanomaterials have been applied in engineered structures, nanofibrous membranes, electronic devices, tissue engineering, drug delivery, antibacterial materials and other biomedical applications. Henceforth, this is a comprehensive review on physical characteristics, morphology, processing aspects, and application areas for polymeric and nanocomposite nanofibers.

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“…Size, shape, composition, molecular engineering, assembly, and nanostructures are the key parameters that characterize NSPs, govern their functions, and allow them to be applied in various fields. Polymeric nanostructured materials include various types of nanostructures, such as micelles, polymersomes, nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanogels, nanofibers, dendrimers, brush polymers, and nanocomposites [ 5 ]. Their properties, such as stability, size, shape, surface charge, surface chemistry, mechanical strength, porosity, etc., can be tailored to specific functions that are matched to meet the needs of the targeted biomedical application [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resorbable Nanomatrices from Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Design Strategy and Characterization

2022

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From a series of biodegradable natural polymers of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)—poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P(3HB) and copolymers containing, in addition to 3HB monomers, monomers of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx), and 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), with different ratios of monomers poured—solvent casting films and nanomembranes with oriented and non-oriented ultrathin fibers were obtained by electrostatic molding. With the use of SEM, AFM, and measurement of contact angles and energy characteristics, the surface properties and mechanical and biological properties of the polymer products were studied depending on the method of production and the composition of PHAs. It has been shown in cultures of mouse fibroblasts of the NIH 3T3 line and diploid human embryonic cells of the M22 line that elastic films and nanomembranes composed of P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymers have high biocompatibility and provide adhesion, proliferation and preservation of the high physiological activity of cells for up to 7 days. Polymer films, namely oriented and non-oriented nanomembranes coated with type 1 collagen, are positively evaluated as experimental wound dressings in experiments on laboratory animals with model and surgical skin lesions. The results of planimetric measurements of the dynamics of wound healing and analysis of histological sections showed the regeneration of model skin defects in groups of animals using experimental wound dressings from P(3HB-co-4HB) of all types, but most actively when using non-oriented nanomembranes obtained by electrospinning. The study highlights the importance of nonwoven nanomembranes obtained by electrospinning from degradable low-crystalline copolymers P(3HB-co-4HB) in the effectiveness of the skin wound healing process.

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Biomedical Applications of Nanostructured Polymeric Materials

Cited by 5 publications

References 119 publications

Nanoparticles. Potential for Use to Prevent Infections

Nanoparticles. Potential for Use to Prevent Infections

Polymeric nanocomposite via electrospinning: Assessment of morphology, physical properties and applications

Resorbable Nanomatrices from Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Design Strategy and Characterization

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