Biomedical Application, Patent Repository, Clinical Trial and Regulatory Updates on Hydrogel: An Extensive Review

Abstract

Hydrogels are known for their leading role in biomaterial systems involving pharmaceuticals that fascinate material scientists to work on the wide variety of biomedical applications. The physical and mechanical properties of hydrogels, along with their biodegradability and biocompatibility characteristics, have made them an attractive and flexible tool with various applications such as imaging, diagnosis and treatment. The water-cherishing nature of hydrogels and their capacity to swell—contingent upon a few ecological signals or the simple presence of water—is alluring for drug conveyance applications. Currently, there are several problems relating to drug delivery, to which hydrogel may provide a possible solution. Hence, it is pertinent to collate updates on hydrogels pertaining to biomedical applications. The primary objective of this review article is to garner information regarding classification, properties, methods of preparations, and of the polymers used with particular emphasis on injectable hydrogels. This review also covers the regulatory and other commerce specific information. Further, it enlists several patents and clinical trials of hydrogels with related indications and offers a consolidated resource for all facets associated with the biomedical hydrogels.

Bacterial cellulose as a potential biopolymer in biomedical applications: a state-of-the-art review

“…156,161 Stimuli-sensitive smart drug delivery carriers can be produced using BC hydrogels. 162 In this context, Park et al…”

“…Stimuli-sensitive smart drug delivery carriers can be produced using BC hydrogels. 162 In this context, Park et al demonstrated the controlled drug release behavior of a BC-reinforced hydrogel system, in which a semi-interpenetrating network was obtained with BC nanofibers and polyacrylamide (PAM) meshes. It was reported that the composite hydrogels based on BC had a 3-fold higher compressive strength than the plain PAM hydrogels.…”

Raw Materials, Technology, Healthcare Applications, Patent Repository and Clinical Trials on 4D Printing Technology: An Updated Review

“…The SMPs include hydrogels that can change their volume in response to stimuli [ 15 ]. These are hydrophilic in nature, showing swelling and de-swelling behaviour.…”

Herb‐Functionalized Chronic Wound Dressings for Enhancing Biological Functions: Multiple Flavonoids Coordination Driven Strategy

“…[ 1,2,3 ] However, their intrinsic poor water solubility and low bioavailability have limited their translation to clinical development. [ 4,5,6,7,8 ] Despite extensive hydrogel‐based materials have been successfully developed and achieved some improvements in such unfavorable properties, [ 9,10,11 ] some challenges, like low bioactivity and burst release of flavonoid, remain. Overcoming the detrimental effects has proven to be exceptionally difficult because flavonoids are more effective to relieve complicated diseases in a multi‐targets/multi‐components manner.…”