“…For instance, near infrared (NIR) and IRabsorbing dyes can be used in automated DNA sequencing (dye A), fluorescent dyes can be used in cancer detection (dye B), and certain azo and heterocyclic dyes can be used in virus (dye C), cell (dye D), and bacteria (dye E) detection. An in-depth summary of dyes in this area has been published recently [51]. …”