Biomechanics of tendon injury and repair

Lin, Tony W.; Cárdenas, Luis; Soslowsky, Louis J.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.11.005

Cited by 384 publications

(330 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Initially, fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, from the tendon periphery and blood, are activated and migrate to the injury site, thus contributing to cell infiltration/ adhesion formation and constituting the extrinsic mechanism (Beredjiklian, 2003). Later, the intrinsic mechanism takes place with cells from the endotenon being activated and migrating to the injury site, where they proliferate, synthesise ECM and play a role in its reorganisation (James et al, 2008;Lin et al, 2004). Indeed, one study has shown that the healing is a biphasic pattern (Kajikawa et al, 2007).…”

Section: Composition and Healing Of Tendonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo effects of PDGF-BB delivery strategies on tendon healing: a review

Evrova

Buschmann

2017

eCM

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To promote and support tendon healing, one viable strategy is the use or administration of growth factors at the wound/rupture site. Platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), together with other growth factors, is secreted by platelets after injury. PDGF-BB promotes mitogenesis and angiogenesis, which could accelerate tendon healing. Therefore, in vitro studies with PDGF-BB have been performed to determine its effect on tenocytes and tenoblasts. Moreover, accurate and sophisticated drug delivery devices, aiming for a sustained release of PDGF-BB, have been developed, either by using heparin-binding and fibrin-based matrices or different electrospinning techniques.In this review, the structure and composition, as well as the healing process of tendons, are described. Part A deals with in vitro studies. They focus on the multiple effects evoked by PDGF-BB on the cellular level. Moreover, they address strategies for the sustained delivery of PDGF-BB. Part B focuses on animal models used to test different delivery strategies for PDGF-BB, in the context of tendon reconstruction. These studies showed that dosage and timing of PDGF-BB application are the most important factors for deciding which delivery device should be applied for a specific tendon laceration.

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Section: Composition and Healing Of Tendonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo effects of PDGF-BB delivery strategies on tendon healing: a review

Evrova

Buschmann

2017

eCM

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“…Restoration of function after tendon damage stemming from injury, overuse, or degenerative disease is largely dependent on the reestablishment of the muscle-tendon-bone connection with minimal scarring between the tendon and its surrounding tissues [16,18]. Current clinical treatment protocols after tendon repair often include NSAIDs, chiefly for their pain-relieving effects, with a secondary indication in their limitation of inflammation [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Detrimental Effects of Systemic Ibuprofen Delivery on Tendon Healing Are Time-Dependent

Connizzo

Yannascoli

Tucker

et al. 2014

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Current clinical treatment after tendon repairs often includes prescribing NSAIDs to limit pain and inflammation. The negative influence of NSAIDs on bone repair is well documented, but their effects on tendon healing are less clear. While NSAIDs may be detrimental to early tendon healing, some evidence suggests that they may improve healing if administered later in the repair process.Questions/purposes We asked whether the biomechanical and histologic effects of systemic ibuprofen administration on tendon healing are influenced by either immediate or delayed drug administration. Methods After bilateral supraspinatus detachment and repair surgeries, rats were divided into groups and given ibuprofen orally for either Days 0 to 7 (early) or Days 8 to 14 (delayed) after surgery; a control group did not receive ibuprofen. Healing was evaluated at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postsurgery through biomechanical testing and histologic assessment. Results Biomechanical evaluation resulted in decreased stiffness and modulus at 4 weeks postsurgery for early ibuprofen delivery (mean ± SD [95% CI]: 10.8 ± 6.4 N/mm [6.7-14.8] and 8.9 ± 5.9 MPa [5.4-12.3]) when compared to control repair .2]) (p = 0.003 and 0.013); however, there were no differences between the delayed ibuprofen group (18.1 ± 7.4 N/mm [14.2-22.1] and 11.5 ± 5.6 MPa [8.2-14.9]) and the control group. Histology confirmed mechanical results with reduced fiber reorganization over time in the early ibuprofen group.

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“…The stress transfer mechanism is fundamental to understanding the biomechanics of load transmission, from muscle to bone by tendons, in many studies. These studies may be found in biomedical science, for example, addressing the biomarkers of ageing (Derwin and Soslowsky, 1999), injury and repair (Lin et al, 2004), and meat science, for example, investigating the mechanical response in relation to the quality of the attachment of muscle to bone from livestock (Moussa et al, 2007;Gondret et al, 2009). Unfortunately, experimental designs in these studies often involve long sample preparation time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the genome of the C57BL6 mouse has been sequenced, it has been regarded as an ideal murine model in the context of integrative biology study; it is widely used for laboratory experiments to illuminate basic mechanisms that could address similar outcomes in other mammals (Laissue et al, 2009). In particular, tissues from the murine model have been used extensively to evaluate biomechanical properties to study systemic changes caused by injury and during healing (Lin et al, 2004), ageing of ECM (Goh et al, 2008) and disruption of the signal pathway for regulating ECM in genetically engineered mice that produced alterations in collagen (Derwin and Soslowsky, 1999) and PGs (Derwin and Soslowsky, 1999). Application of the principles of fibre-reinforced composites to connective tissues such as tendons has yielded insights on the mechanisms of elastic and plastic stress transfers in collagen fibrils and on fibril-fibril interactions across the hydrated PG-rich matrix within ECM for regulating tissue elasticity (Goh et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of frozen storage temperature on the elasticity of tendons from a small murine model

Goh

Chen²,

Chou³

et al. 2010

Animal

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The basic mechanism of reinforcement in tendons addresses the transfer of stress, generated by the deforming proteoglycan (PG)-rich matrix, to the collagen fibrils. Regulating this mechanism involves the interactions of PGs on the fibril with those in the surrounding matrix and between PGs on adjacent fibrils. This understanding is key to establishing new insights on the biomechanics of tendon in various research domains. However, the experimental designs in many studies often involved long sample preparation time. To minimise biological degradation the tendons are usually stored by freezing. Here, we have investigated the effects of commonly used frozen storage temperatures on the mechanical properties of tendons from the tail of a murine model (C57BL6 mouse). Fresh (unfrozen) and thawed samples, frozen at temperatures of 2208C and 2808C, respectively, were stretched to rupture. Freezing at 2208C revealed no effect on the maximum stress (s), stiffness ( E), the corresponding strain (e) at s and strain energy densities up to e (u) and from e until complete rupture (u p ). On the other hand, freezing at 2808C led to higher s, E and u; e and u p were unaffected. The results implicate changes in the long-range order of radially packed collagen molecules in fibrils, resulting in fibril rupture at higher stresses, and changes to the composition of extrafibrillar matrix, resulting in an increase in the interaction energy between fibrils via collagen-bound PGs.Keywords: frozen storage temperature, strength, stiffness, strain energy, collagen Implications Ultra-low storage temperature alters (i) the long-range order of collagen packing in fibrils, resulting in fibril rupture at higher stresses, and (ii) the composition of extra-fibrillar matrix, resulting in an increase in the interaction energy between fibrils via collagen-bound proteoglycans. Consequently, the tissue strength, stiffness and fracture toughness increase.

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Biomechanics of tendon injury and repair

Cited by 384 publications

References 114 publications

In vitro and in vivo effects of PDGF-BB delivery strategies on tendon healing: a review

In vitro and in vivo effects of PDGF-BB delivery strategies on tendon healing: a review

The Detrimental Effects of Systemic Ibuprofen Delivery on Tendon Healing Are Time-Dependent

Effects of frozen storage temperature on the elasticity of tendons from a small murine model

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