Biomechanics of judo backward breakfall for different throwing techniques in novice judokas

Abstract

It is generally accepted that proper learning of the breakfall technique during early judo training is essential for attenuating the risk of judo-related head injury. Therefore, it is critical to understand the kinematics and head injury risks of breakfall motion to design a more safe and effective judo teaching paradigm that results in reduction of injury risk. We aimed to investigate the biomechanics of judo backward breakfalls by comparing osoto-gari and ouchi-gari in novice judokas. Twelve male novice judokas (age: 21.3 years, SD = 0.6 years; height: 1.74 m, SD = 0.04 m; body weight: 71.3, SD = 6.4 kg; body mass index: 23.5, SD = 2.3) volunteered to participate in this study. The kinematic data of the breakfall motion for both osoto-gari and ouchi-gari were collected using a three-dimensional motion analysis technique (200 Hz). We observed significant differences between the movement patterns for the two techniques, especially in the lower extremity movements. In addition, a significantly greater peak extension momentum (osoto-gari: 1.29, SD = 0.23 kg ms; ouchi-gari: 0.84, SD = 0.29 kg ms) and lower head position along the vertical axis (osoto-gari: 0.18, SD = 0.05 m; ouchi-gari: 0.31, SD = 0.08 m) with a large effect size were found in the breakfall for osoto-gari. Our results suggest that a different paradigm is needed for effectively teaching each breakfall technique that will enable us to substantially lower the risk of judo-related head injuries in novice judokas.

Effects of Different Throwing Techniques in Judo on Rotational Acceleration of Uke's Head

“…Sannohe and Iida (2008) argued that increased falling speeds were associated with a higher likelihood of hitting the head during``backward breakfall,'' even if the person who is thrown (hereafter referred to as uke)`b ackward hits'' the tatami with one or both hands. Hashimoto et al (2015) and Koshida et al (2017) 2 2 175 90 8 2 3 180 73 6 2 4 167 63 6 2 5 173 70 2 1 6 173 89 2 1 7 177 66 6 1 8 167 60 5 1 Ave. 173.0 72.4 4.9 1.5 S.D.…”

Aspectos biomecânicos e fisiológicos influenciadores no desempenho de judocas

“…A influência do equilíbrio e da estabilidade de tronco com o nível de habilidade do judô foi previamente sugerida como significativa (Barbado et al, 2016;Kocjan & Sarabon, 2014;Koshida et al, 2017;Yoshitomi et al, 2006), assim como a preensão manual (Ache Dias et al, 2011;Yilmaz, 2015); porém, os resultados do nosso estudo não indicaram efeitos significativos quanto à essas variáveis sobre o índice do SJFT.…”

“…Alguns estudos reconhecem que o controle do equilíbrio (Barbado et al, 2016;Yoshitomi et al, 2006), a preensão manual (Ache Dias, Külkamp, Wentz, Ovando, & Borges Junior, 2011) e o bom controle e coordenação dos músculos estabilizadores do tronco são essenciais para o aprimoramento do desempenho no judô (Ache Dias et al, 2011;Barnes & Malcata, 2017;Kocjan & Sarabon, 2014;Koshida, Ishii, Matsuda, & Hashimoto, 2017;Sterkowicz-Przybycień & Fukuda, 2016;Yoshitomi et al, 2006). Entretanto, ainda há carência de estudos que explorem as relações entre variáveis motoras e valências físicas com o desempenho de judocas.…”

Sex-and sport related differences in the personality traits students in volleyball, basketball and judo athletes

“…The risk of injury to judo athletes a during the official fight results, among others from the very idea of competition, which assumes gaining a physical advantage over the opponent in direct confrontation as a result of immobilization by placing a lever on the elbow joint (arm lock) or using throwing techniques. The o-soto-gari and o-uchi-gari techniques may athletes (uke) cause serious head injuries [19,20].…”