Biomechanical–Structural Correlation of Chordae tendineae in Animal Models: A Pilot Study

Abstract

The mitral valve apparatus is a complex structure consisting of the mitral ring, valve leaflets, papillary muscles and chordae tendineae (CT). The latter are mainly responsible for the mechanical functions of the valve. Our study included investigations of the biomechanical and structural properties of CT collected from canine and porcine hearts, as there are no studies about these properties of canine CT. We performed a static uniaxial tensile test on CT samples and a histopathological analysis in order to examine their microstructure. The results were analyzed to clarify whether the changes in mechanical persistence of chordae tendineae are combined with the alterations in their structure. This study offers clinical insight for future research, allowing for an understanding of the process of chordae tendineae rupture that happens during degenerative mitral valve disease—the most common heart disease in dogs.

Exploring Unusual Cardiac Complications: Chorda Tendinea Rupture and Pulmonary Valve Vegetation in Infective Endocarditis—A Comprehensive Review

“…The chordae tendineae, often called the heartstrings, comprise inelastic cords of fibrous connective tissue that establish connections between the papillary muscles and the tricuspid and mitral valves within the heart. These integral structures serve a critical role in averting the prolapse of valve leaflets during ventricular systole by tensing and retaining the flaps closed, thereby forestalling the backward flow of blood into the atria [ 24 ]. Functionally, during atrial systole, when blood transitions from the atria to the ventricles, the chordae tendineae remain relaxed as the atrioventricular valves open.…”

Gene expression of Postn and FGF7 in canine chordae tendineae and their effects on flexor tenocyte biology

“…Chordae tendineae are often referred to as “heart strings” as they act as tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the valve 1 (Figure 1). During a heartbeat, the chordae transfer the contraction force from the papillary muscles to the valve, positioning it to open and close to regulate blood flow between the ventricle and atrium.…”