Biomechanical quantification of deadbug bridging performance in competitive alpine skiers: Reliability, reference values, and associations with skiing performance and back overuse complaints

Ellenberger, Lynn; Jermann, Julia; Fröhlich, Stefan; Frey, Walter; Snedeker, Jess G.; Spörri, Jörg

doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.05.013

Cited by 10 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The data analysis of the reliability experiment was carried out in accordance to the guidelines of Hopkins, 27 and analogous to previous reliability evaluations in which the procedure was described in detail. 28 It was taken into account for the habituation effect occurring in performance testing by using the open access spreadsheets from Hopkins, 29 and the intraclass correlation coefficient ICC(3,1) as well as the withinsubject error, also referred to as standardized typical error, were calculated. To obtain these values, the DJ landing tasks were carried out five times within one day by each participant and subsequently evaluated for MKD GRF QH GRF .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thigh muscle activation patterns and dynamic knee valgus at peak ground reaction force during drop jump landings: Reliability, youth competitive alpine skiing-specific reference values and relation to knee overuse complaints

Ellenberger

Casutt

Fröhlich

et al. 2021

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thigh muscle activation patterns and dynamic knee valgus at peak ground reaction force during drop jump landings: Reliability, youth competitive alpine skiing-specific reference values and relation to knee overuse complaints

Ellenberger

Casutt

Fröhlich

et al. 2021

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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“…Physical aspects are indeed known to be a key driver for injury risk in alpine ski racing. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Moreover, also in many sports other than alpine ski racing, the benefits of physical fitness-related injury prevention programmes have been demonstrated. [30][31][32] Concerning the 'ski, plate, binding, boot' category, several stakeholders suggested a less aggressive setup as one of the most promising approaches.…”

Section: Potential Change Of Perception Over the Last Decadementioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of experts on key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing as a function of stakeholder role and associated level of competition

Kiers

Kröll

Mitterbauer

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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Objectives(1) To update experts’ priorities of perceived key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing based on a framework and list derived 10 years ago, (2) to identify additionally emerging risk factors since then and (3) to compile a list with countermeasure suggestions.MethodsA sample of 532 expert stakeholders (athletes, coaches, team medical staff, Ski Racing Suppliers (SRS) and International Ski Federation (FIS) representatives) from the World Cup (WC), European Cup (EC) and FIS-race level participated in a cross-sectional online survey. Experts were asked to name those risk factors with the highest believed impact on injury risk and rank them according to their current priority from a predefined list. In addition, experts were encouraged to name additional (not listed) risk factors and to suggest countermeasures.ResultsRegardless of stakeholder role and competition level, snow-related factors appeared to have the highest perceived priority. However, WC athletes’ and coaches’ perceptions were also related to equipment, while at the EC and FIS-race level fatigue and physical fitness-related factors were considered important. Athletes’ perceptions were largely in agreement with SRS (ie, snow-related and equipment-related factors). At the same time, while coaches, team medical staff and FIS representatives additionally emphasised fatigue and physical fitness-related factors.ConclusionExperts’ perceptions on key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing depend on the stakeholder role and differ between the competition levels. Thus, to develop effective prevention measures and to successfully implement them, all relevant stakeholders should be given a voice, and prevention efforts should be targeted to the specific level.

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“…Given these sport-specific demands, a biomechanical quantification of skiers’ stabilization performance during deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises, i.e., the assessment of the relative displacement of one of the anterior spina iliac superior markers with respect to the contralateral marker in the transverse plane (see Figure 1 , Methods section), can be considered indicative of their global antirotation and rear-chain stabilization capacity. Indeed, a previous study found that biomechanically quantified DBB stabilization performance was related to both skiing performance and lower back overuse complaints in skiers of the under 16 years (U16) category [ 13 ]. Another study that examined the effects of an injury prevention program targeted to the specific injury patterns of youth skiers, which included DBB exercises, revealed a significantly lower prevalence of knee trauma and back overuse complaints [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a biomechanical quantification of DBB performance and DBB exercises as preventative countermeasures have been thoroughly explored for skiers of the U16 category and the elite level in previous studies [ 13 , 14 ], to date, very little is known about the corresponding stabilization abilities in younger skiers, i.e., 6- to 15-year-old skiers. First, it is not a priori clear whether the coordinatively challenging motion task of DBB could be widely implemented for screening and training purposes in the youngest athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study

Strutzenberger

Ellenberger

Brühin³

et al. 2022

Biology

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In competitive alpine skiing, a superior antirotation and rear-chain stabilization capacity is essential to constantly remain in dynamic equilibrium while skiing and to counteract the ski-specific adverse loading patterns of the back. As such, skiers’ trunk stabilization performance during deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises has been shown to be associated with both skiing performance and overuse complaints of the lower back in skiers under 16 years of age (U16). However, to date, little is known about the corresponding stabilization abilities in younger skiers, i.e., 6- to 15-year-old skiers. As part of a biomechanical field experiment during a national off-snow fitness competition, a total of 101 youth competitive alpine skiers were tested with respect to their trunk stabilization performance during DDB exercise. The maximum contralateral displacement of the pelvic drop during leg lift (DBBdisplacement) was quantified using reflective markers and a motion capture system (Vicon, Oxford, UK). Potential age group and sex differences in DBBdisplacement were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p < 0.05. Within each subgroup, the associations of DBBdisplacement with age, anthropometrics and maturity offset were analysed using Pearson’s correlation (p < 0.05). Female skiers under 15 years of age (U15) showed better DBB performance than male U15 skiers, while there was no sex difference at the under 10-year (U10) level. In female U10 skiers, DBBdisplacement was moderately associated with body height, while in all other subgroups, no confounding associations with anthropometrics or biological maturation were found. Biomechanically quantifying DBB performance may be considered a feasible and nonconfounded screening test approach in young skiers older than 6 years. Body height may represent a confounding bias in exclusively the U10 female skier cohort and, therefore, should be considered when interpreting the test results. In summary, this study provided sport-specific normative reference data that may be of equal interest to both researchers and sport practitioners.

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Biomechanical quantification of deadbug bridging performance in competitive alpine skiers: Reliability, reference values, and associations with skiing performance and back overuse complaints

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Thigh muscle activation patterns and dynamic knee valgus at peak ground reaction force during drop jump landings: Reliability, youth competitive alpine skiing-specific reference values and relation to knee overuse complaints

Thigh muscle activation patterns and dynamic knee valgus at peak ground reaction force during drop jump landings: Reliability, youth competitive alpine skiing-specific reference values and relation to knee overuse complaints

Perceptions of experts on key injury risk factors in alpine ski racing as a function of stakeholder role and associated level of competition

Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study

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