Biomechanical properties of femoral shafts and bone tissue in protein-malnourished rats from weaning to adulthood

Bozzini, Clarisa; Bozzini, Carlos E.; Alippi, Rosa M.

doi:10.1007/s00580-011-1253-0

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Undernutrition (in response to either food restriction or exposure to hypoxia), which mainly affects protein and energy availability, affects bone biomechanical properties (21,29,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) in growing rats by adapting the growth of the bone mass to that of the body mass. Bone mechanical quality of a whole bone (structural properties) depends on the integration of the 'mechanical quality of the mineralised tissue' (material stiffness mainly associated with collagen mineralisation) and the 'architectural quality of the structural bone design' (shape, size, architectural distribution of mineralised tissue) (37) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chronic undernutrition on body mass and mechanical bone quality under normoxic and altitude hypoxic conditions

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both undernutrition and hypoxia exert a negative influence on both growth pattern and bone mechanical properties in developing rats. The present study explored the effects of chronic food restriction on both variables in growing rats exposed to simulated high-altitude hypoxia. Male rats (n 80) aged 28 d were divided into normoxic (Nx) and hypoxic (Hx) groups. Hx rats were exposed to hypobaric air (380 mmHg) in decompression chambers. At T 0 , Nx and Hx rats were subdivided into four equal subgroups: normoxic control and hypoxic controls, and normoxic growth-restricted and hypoxic growth-restricted received 80 % of the amount of food consumed freely by their respective controls for a 4-week period. Half of these animals were studied at the end of this period (T 4 ). The remaining rats in each group continued under the same environmental conditions, but food was offered ad libitum to explore the type of catch-up growth during 8 weeks. Structural bone properties (strength and stiffness) were evaluated in the right femur midshaft by the mechanical three-point bending test; geometric properties (length, cross-sectional area, cortical mass, bending cross-sectional moment of inertia) and intrinsic properties of the bone tissue (elastic modulus) were measured or derived from appropriate equations. Bone mineralisation was assessed by ash measurement of the left femur. These data indicate that the growth-retarded effects of diminished food intake, induced either by food restriction or hypoxia-related inhibition of appetite, generated the formation of corresponding smaller bones in which subnormal structural and geometric properties were observed. However, they seemed to be appropriate to the body mass of the animals and suggest, therefore, that the bones were not osteopenic. When food restriction was imposed in Hx rats, the combined effects of both variables were additive, inducing a further reduction of bone mass and bone load-carrying capacity. In all cases, the mechanical properties of the mineralised tissue were unaffected. This and the capacity of the treated bones to undergone complete catch-up growth with full restoration of the biomechanical properties suggest that undernutrition, under either Nx or Hx conditions, does not affect bone behaviour because it remains appropriate to its mechanical functions.Key words: Undernutrition: Hypoxia: Bone quality: Biomechanics: Catch-up growth: Body massThe growing rat appears to follow an individual size-age trajectory to its body mass end point. This characteristic growth trajectory can be altered in rate and timing by exogenous modifiers. Two important non-genetic, environmental effects on the growth pattern are undernutrition (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) and hypoxia (defined in terms of hypoxaemia, anaemia or increased Hb-oxygen affinity at sea level) (9)(10)(11)(12)(13) .On the basis of clinical paediatric findings (13)(14)(15) , we have developed a nutritional stress model in rats (nutritional growthretarded rats): weanling male rats placed on a 20 % restricted balan...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chronic undernutrition on body mass and mechanical bone quality under normoxic and altitude hypoxic conditions

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bone remodeling and maturation, which involves changes in bone size and shape, depend on the interaction between bone cells activities, intermolecular networks of collagen, and interactions of proteoglycans and non-collagenous proteins. Poorly designed diet may influence these processes and lead to severe skeletal disorders [3, 5–9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of bone osteometry, mineralization, mechanical and histomorphometrical properties of tibiotarsus in broiler chickens demonstrates a influence of dietary chickpea seeds (Cicer arietinum L.) inclusion as a primary protein source

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was focused on analyzing the effects of dietary inclusion of raw chickpea seed as a replacement of soybean meal as a primary protein source on bone structure in broiler chickens. Broiler chickens (n = 160) received in their diet either soybean meal (SBM) or raw chickpea seeds (CPS) as a primary protein source throughout the whole rearing period (n = 80 in each group). On the 42th day randomly selected chickens from each group (n = 8) were slaughtered. Collected tibiotarsus were subjected to examination of the biomechanical characteristics of bone mid-diaphysis, microstructure of the growth plate and articular cartilages; the analysis of mineral content and crystallinity of mineral phase, and the measurements of thermal stability of collagen in hyaline cartilage were also carried out. The inclusion of chickpea seeds resulted in increase of bone osteometric parameters (weight, length and mid-diaphysis cross-sectional area) and mechanical endurance (yield load, ultimate load, stiffness, Young modulus). However, when loads were adjusted to bone shape (yield and ultimate stress) both groups did not differ. Mineral density determined by means of densitometric measurements did not differ between groups, however the detailed analysis revealed the differences in the macro- and microelements composition. The results of FT-IR and XRD analyses showed no effect of diet type on mineral phase crystallinity and hydroxyapatite nanocrystallites size. In trabecular bone, the increase of real bone volume (BV/TV) and number of trabeculae was observed in the CPS group. Total thickness of articular cartilage was the same in both groups, save the transitional zone, which was thicker in the SBM group. The total thickness of the growth plate cartilage was significantly increased in the CPS group. The area of the most intense presence of proteoglycans was wider in the SBM group. The structural analysis of fibrous components of bone revealed the increase of fraction of thin, immature collagen content in articular cartilage, trabeculae and compact bone in the CPS group. The dietary inclusion of CPS affected the thermal stability of collagen, as decrease of net denaturation enthalpy was observed. This study showed a beneficial effect of CPS on the skeletal development, improving the overall bone development and the microarchitecture of cancellous bone. It suggests that CPS can be a promising replacement for SBM in broilers feeding in the aspect of animal welfare related to the development of the skeletal system.

show abstract

“…Several reported studies (Boyer et al, 2005;Bozzini et al, 2012;Ferretti et al, 1991) suggest that the improvements of bone mechanical competence that occur in early life go pari passu with the increments in body mass as a consequence of body growth. Body growth rate is severely affected by exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (Alippi et al, 1983;Delaquierre et al, 1965;Morel et al, 2005;Timiras et al, 1957).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Static Biomechanics in Bone from Growing Rats Exposed Chronically to Simulated High Altitudes

Bozzini

Champin

Alippi

et al. 2013

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bozzini, Clarisa, Graciela M. Champin, Rosa M. Alippi, and Carlos E. Bozzini. Static biomechanics in bone from growing rats exposed chronically to simulated high altitudes. High Alt Med Biol 14:367-374, 2013.-Biomechanical behavior of bone is related to the amount (bone mass) and its architectural distribution, as well as the mechanical quality of bone material. This investigation reports the effects of exposure to different simulated high altitudes (SHA) (1850, 2900, 4100, and 5450 m) on femur biomechanical properties in female growing rats exposed to SHA (22-23 h/d) between the 32°and the 74°days of life. The ex vivo right femur was mechanically tested in three-point bending. The left femur was ashed at 600°C and the ash weight obtained. Final body weight and structural (loads at yielding and fracture, stiffness, and elastic energy absorption) and architectural (diaphyseal cross-sectional area, cortical area, and cross-sectional moment of inertia) were negatively affected in the animals exposed to the two highest SHA. Material properties of the mineralized tissue (Young's modulus and limit elastic stress) and the degree of mineralization were unaffected. In conclusion, hypoxic bone is weaker than normoxic one because of its smaller bone mass, which appear to have been negatively influenced by SHA in relation to its effects on overall body mass.

show abstract

Biomechanical properties of femoral shafts and bone tissue in protein-malnourished rats from weaning to adulthood

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of chronic undernutrition on body mass and mechanical bone quality under normoxic and altitude hypoxic conditions

Effect of chronic undernutrition on body mass and mechanical bone quality under normoxic and altitude hypoxic conditions

Analysis of bone osteometry, mineralization, mechanical and histomorphometrical properties of tibiotarsus in broiler chickens demonstrates a influence of dietary chickpea seeds (Cicer arietinum L.) inclusion as a primary protein source

Static Biomechanics in Bone from Growing Rats Exposed Chronically to Simulated High Altitudes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About