Biomechanical Properties of Bone and Mucosa for Design and Application of Dental Implants

Abstract

Dental implants’ success comprises their proper stability and adherence to different oral tissues (integration). The implant is exposed to different mechanical stresses from swallowing, mastication and parafunctions for a normal tooth, leading to the simultaneous mechanical movement and deformation of the whole structure. The knowledge of the mechanical properties of the bone and gingival tissues in normal and pathological conditions is very important for the successful conception of dental implants and for clinical practice to access and prevent potential failures and complications originating from incorrect mechanical factors’ combinations. The challenge is that many reported biomechanical properties of these tissues are substantially scattered. This study carries out a critical analysis of known data on mechanical properties of bone and oral soft tissues, suggests more convenient computation methods incorporating invariant parameters and non-linearity with tissues anisotropy, and applies a consistent use of these properties for in silico design and the application of dental implants. Results show the advantages of this approach in analysis and visualization of stress and strain components with potential translation to dental implantology.

Three-Dimensional Finite Element Investigation into Effects of Implant Thread Design and Loading Rate on Stress Distribution in Dental Implants and Anisotropic Bone

“…In practice, the bio-structure of dental implants is of critical importance in determining the success rate of the implant procedure since it affects the bone directly and causes the stress distribution to change from constant to a variable, thereby putting both the implant and the bone at risk of biomechanical overload failure [9]. The success rate of dental implants is also crucially dependent on the efficiency of the stress transfer from the implant to the supporting bone [10][11][12], which depends in turn on many factors, including the loading condition [9], the implant thread design [2,13,14], and the bone material properties [15].…”

Manganese Oxide Nanozyme-Doped Diatom for Safe and Efficient Treatment of Peri-Implantitis

“…Considering that the elastic modulus of PAIF biofilms ranged from 1.2 to 1.7 kPa, DM is hypothetically capable of removing 84.5% of such biofilms (Figure e). Moreover, it is noteworthy that the forces exerted by this biocompatible concentration (10 mg mL –1 ) of DM will not physically harm the surrounding tissues (elastic moduli of the gingiva and buccal mucosa are 37.36 and 8.33 MPa, respectively) or implant surfaces (Young’s modulus of the titanium implant is 110 GPa) because its elastic modulus was considerably higher than 7.4 kPa. , …”

“…Moreover, it is noteworthy that the forces exerted by this biocompatible concentration (10 mg mL −1 ) of DM will not physically harm the surrounding tissues (elastic moduli of the gingiva and buccal mucosa are 37.36 and 8.33 MPa, respectively) or implant surfaces (Young's modulus of the titanium implant is 110 GPa) because its elastic modulus was considerably higher than 7.4 kPa. 33,34 3.3. Decontamination Capacities of DM and Conventional Antiseptics on the P. gingivalis Biofilm.…”

Effects of Marginal Bone Loss Progression on Stress Distribution in Different Implant–Abutment Connections and Abutment Materials: A 3D Finite Element Analysis Study

“…The implant fixture, abutment, screw, and crown materials were verified through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (JSM-6360; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). Although yielding is clearly defined for metals, plastic, and ceramic materials, it is questionable for live tissues such as the heterogeneous bone structure [ 20 ]. The mechanical properties used in this FEA study were extracted from previous literature ( Table 2 ).…”