Biomechanical Aspects of Cannulated Screw Fixation. Experimental Investigations and Developments

Manninger, J; Bíró, István; Flóris, I.; T, Laczkó; Soltay, P.; Cserháti, P.; Vámos, G.; Kádas, I.

doi:10.1007/978-3-211-68585-3_5

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“…Cannulated screws are used to fix bone fractures, especially, large and small bone fractures, in clinical settings and in complex fracture models. The guide wire can be inserted through a hole in the cannulated screw and be used for minimally invasive cannulated screw fixation. , Medical screws contain traditionally selected Ti alloys, Co–Cr alloys, and stainless steel (STS316), which have favorable mechanical properties. They provide higher bio-stability, but can interfere with the processing of radiation imaging patterns, cause stress shielding, and require additional removal procedures after recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilized Loading of Hyaluronic Acid-Containing Hydrogels into Magnesium-Based Cannulated Screws

Kim

Lee

et al. 2019

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Cannulated screws have a structure for inserting a guide wire inside them to effectively correct complicated fractures. Magnesium, an absorbable metal used to manufacture cannulated screws, may decompose in the body after a certain period of implantation. The hydrogel formed by hyaluronic acid (HA) and polygalacturonic acid (PGA) has been used into Mg-based cannulated screws to prevent bone resorption owing to the rapid corrosion of Mg with unfavorable mechanical properties and a high ambient pH. In addition, Ca ions were added to the gel for cross-linking the carboxyl groups to modify the gelation rate and physical properties of the gel. The developed hydrogels were injected into the Mg-based cannulated screws, after which they released HA and Ca. The possibility of the application of this system as a cannulated screw was evaluated based on the corrosion resistance, gel degradation rate, HA release, toxicity toward osteocytes, and experiments involving the implantation of the screws into the femurs of rats. Ca ions first bound to PGA and delayed the gelation time and dissolution rate. However, they interfered with HA binding and increased the elution of HA at the beginning of gel degradation. Ca(NO3)2 concentrations higher than 0.01 M and low pH environments inhibited osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, owing to the elution of HA from the hydrogel. On the other hand, when the HA hydrogel with a proper amount of Ca was inserted into a magnesium screw, the degradation of Mg was delayed, and the presence of the gel contributed to new bone formation and osteocyte expansion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%