Biomechanical analysis of tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of bone reconstruction in response to periprosthetic fracture repair

Abstract

Introduction. Bone repair after periprosthetic fracture is a critical issue in orthopedics. Objectives. So there is a need for research to provide new medical solutions, especially in the context of population ageing in the Ukraine. The importance of biomechanics which is concerned with the application of principles, concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to the human body in motion and at rest is well recognized as a foundation for further experimental and theoretical research in the skeletal tissues. Materials and methods. Different aspects of biomechanics require different concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to be used. Remodeling occurs significantly throughout lifetime of bone that is why it can be regarded as a primary determinant of the mechanical properties of bone and implant. Biomechanical analysis given in this review has been concerned with understanding on how mechanical signals and molecular mechanisms affect the healing of Vancouver periprosthetic femoral fracture of B1 and C-type with the use of internal fixation through a less invasive stabilization system (LISS)-plate, which is screwed into the artificial hip joint. Results. Identification of such parameters as mechanical properties of bone, titanium alloys (hip prosthesis, coating, LISS-plate, screws) and implant/biomaterial interface with bone under mechanical and biochemical loading that are very essential for predicting arthroplasty outcomes were investigated experimentally considering elastoplastic deformation, creep, fatigue and ratcheting, as well as, damage development in materials under discussion. Among the basic deformation features were tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of mechanical properties. We used the three-dimensional finite element model derived from the reconstruction of treatment and magnetic resonance (tomographic) images. Conclusions. As a result of this model analysis, it was found that treatment rate of periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty with the use of LISS-plates and screws for internal fixation may be controlled by means of ABAQUS (or ANSYS) software package to reproduce the characteristic features of bone and implant in bone reconstruction in order to improve the fracture healing rate and shorten treatment duration Introduction. Bone repair after periprosthetic fracture is a critical issue in orthopedics. Objectives. So there is a need for research to provide new medical solutions, especially in the context of population ageing in the Ukraine. The importance of biomechanics which is concerned with the application of principles, concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to the human body in motion and at rest is well recognized as a foundation for further experimental and theoretical research in the skeletal tissues. Materials and methods. Different aspects of biomechanics require different concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to be used. Remodeling occurs significantly throughout lifetime of bone that is why it can be regarded as a primary determinant of the mechanical properties of bone and implant. Biomechanical analysis given in this review has been concerned with understanding on how mechanical signals and molecular mechanisms affect the healing of Vancouver periprosthetic femoral fracture of B1 and C-type with the use of internal fixation through a less invasive stabilization system (LISS)-plate, which is screwed into the artificial hip joint. Results. Identification of such parameters as mechanical properties of bone, titanium alloys (hip prosthesis, coating, LISS-plate, screws) and implant/biomaterial interface with bone under mechanical and biochemical loading that are very essential for predicting arthroplasty outcomes were investigated experimentally considering elastoplastic deformation, creep, fatigue and ratcheting, as well as, damage development in materials under discussion. Among the basic deformation features were tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of mechanical properties. We used the three-dimensional finite element model derived from the reconstruction of treatment and magnetic resonance (tomographic) images. Conclusions. As a result of this model analysis, it was found that treatment rate of periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty with the use of LISS-plates and screws for internal fixation may be controlled by means of ABAQUS (or ANSYS) software package to reproduce the characteristic features of bone and implant in bone reconstruction in order to improve the fracture healing rate and shorten treatment duration.

Quantum, molecular and continuum modeling in nonlinear mechanics of viruses

“…The next source of tension elements is the chromatin-genome association that is highly extensible in the attempt to return to a state of maximal entropy [147]. Thus, viruses belong to a broad class of natural and artificial materials with different behavior under tension, and compression [1,2,3,27,61,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160]. Second, the 29  shells are approximately two times stiffer along the short axis (particle lying on its side) than along the long one (upright particle).…”

“…In the past reviews [1,2,3,4], we focused the attention of readers on the nonlinear biomechanics of hard and soft tissues of living organisms. Due to the appearance of a number of important research questions [5] related to the recent outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and fast spread of the disease COVID-19 around the world, we decided to present in this overview the applications of nonlinear mechanics to such biological structures as viruses.…”

Neuromechanical characterization of brain damage in response to head impact and pathological changes

“…The importance of such discipline as biomechanics is well recognized as a foundation for further experimental and theoretical studies of bone [6,7] and heart [8]. At present, biomechanics of the brain combined with neurophysiology (neuromechanics) is very multidisciplinary research area with a broad range of techniques, ranging from traditional mechanical engineering techniques (mechanical testing, constitutive, mathematical, and computational modeling) to emerging imaging technique (magnetic resonance elastography) and biological (biophysical) techniques (atomic force microscopy, cellular patch clamp biophysics, and electrophysiology) [9].…”